FIRE HYDRANT REPAIRS AND INSTALLATION
FIRE HYDRANT REPAIRS AND INSTALLATION
FIRE HYDRANT REPAIRS AND INSTALLATION
FREE ESTIMATES
Jacksonville Duval County 904-346-1266
St Augustine St Johns County 904-824-7144
Orange Park Clay County 904-264-6444
Jacksonville Beaches Duval County 904-246-3969
Fernandina Nassau County 904-277-3040
Macclenny Baker County 904-259-5091
Palm Coast Flagler County 386-439-5290
Daytona Volusia County 386-253-4911
GAINESVILLE ALACHUA COUNTY 352-335-8555
Serving all of Florida and Georgia at 904-346-1266
EMAIL LARRY@1STPROP.COM (feel free to email your bidding packages here)
FIRE HYDRANTS REPAIRS AND INSTALLATION
A fire hydrant (also known colloquially as a fire plug in the United States or as a johnny pump in New York City, because the firemen of the late 1800s were called Johnnies , is an active fire protection measure, and a source of water provided in most urban, suburban and rural areas with municipal water service to enable firefighters to tap into the municipal water supply to assist in extinguishing a fire. Buildings near a hydrant may qualify for an insurance discount since firefighters should be able to more rapidly extinguish a fire on the insured property.
The concept of fire plugs dates to at least the 1600s. This was a time when firefighters responding to a call would dig down to the wooden water mains and hastily bore a hole to secure water to fight fires. The water would fill the hole creating a temporary well, and be transported from the well to the fire via bucket brigades or, later, via hand pumped fire engines. The holes were then plugged with stoppers, normally redwood, which over time came to be known as fire plugs. The location of the plug would often be recorded or marked so that it could be reused in future fires. This is the source of the colloquial term fire plug still used for fire hydrants today. After the Great Fire of London in 1666, the city installed water mains with holes drilled at intervals, equipped with risers, allowing an access point to the wooden fire plugs from street level.
It has been claimed that Birdsill Holly invented the fire hydrant, but his 1869 design was preceded by many other patents for fire hydrants, and a number of these earlier designs were produced and successfully marketed. Numerous wooden cased fire hydrant designs existed prior to the development of the familiar cast iron hydrant. Although the development of the first above ground hydrant in the USA traces back to Philadelphia in 1803, underground fire hydrants — common in parts of Europe and Asia — have existed since the 1700s.
A hose is attached to the fire hydrant, then the valve is opened to provide a powerful flow of water, on the order of 350 kPa (50 lbf/in²) (this pressure varies according to region and depends on various factors including the size and location of the attached water main). This hose can be further attached to a fire engine, which can then use a powerful pump to boost the water pressure and possibly split it into multiple streams. The hose may be connected with a threaded connection or a Storz connector. Care should be taken not to open or close a fire hydrant too quickly, as this can create a water hammer which can damage nearby pipes and equipment. The water inside a charged hoseline causes it to be very heavy and high water pressure causes it to be stiff and unable to make a tight turn while pressurized. When a fire hydrant is unobstructed, this is not a problem, as there is enough room to adequately position the hose.
When a firefighter is operating a hydrant, appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves and a helmet with face shield, are typically worn. High pressure water coursing through a potentially aging and corroding hydrant could cause a failure, injuring the firefighter operating the hydrant or bystanders.
In most jurisdictions it is illegal to park a car within a certain distance of a fire hydrant. In North America the distances are commonly 3 to 5 m or 10 to 15 ft, often indicated by yellow or red paint on the curb. In the UK, yellow lines are used to keep cars from parking over underground hydrants. Parking restrictions are sometimes ignored (especially in cities where available street parking is scarce), however these laws are usually enforced. The rationale is that hydrants need to be visible and accessible in an emergency.
To prevent casual use or misuse, the hydrant requires special tools to be opened, usually a large wrench with a pentagon-shaped socket. Vandals sometimes cause monetary loss by wasting water when they open hydrants. Such vandalism can also reduce municipal water pressure and impair firefighters’ efforts to extinguish fires. Sometimes those simply seeking to play in the water remove the caps and open the valve, providing residents a place to play and cool off in summer. However, this is usually discouraged as residents have been struck by passing automobiles while playing in the street in the water spray. In spite of this, some US communities provide low flow sprinkler heads to enable residents to use the hydrants to cool off during hot weather, while gaining some control on water usage.
In most US areas, contractors who need temporary water may purchase permits to use hydrants. The permit will generally require a hydrant meter, a gate valve and sometimes a clapper valve (if not designed into the hydrant already) to prevent back-flow into the hydrant. Additionally, residents who wish to use the hydrant to fill their in-ground swimming pool are commonly permitted to do so provided they pay for the water and agree to allow firefighters to draft from their pool in the case of an emergency.
Municipal services, such as street sweepers and tank trucks, may also be allowed to use hydrants to fill their water tanks. Often sewer maintenance trucks need water to flush out sewer lines, and fill their tanks on site from a hydrant. If necessary, the municipal workers will record the amount of water they used, or use a meter.
Since fire hydrants are one of the most accessible parts of a water distribution system, they are often used for attaching pressure gauges or loggers or monitor system water pressure. Automatic flushing devices are often attached to hydrants to maintain chlorination levels in areas of low usage. Hydrants are also used as an easy above ground access point by leak detection devices to detect locate leak from the sound they make.
In areas subject to freezing temperatures, only a portion of the hydrant is above ground. The valve is located below the frost line and connected via a riser to the above-ground portion. A valve rod extends from the valve itself up through a seal at the top of the hydrant, where it can be operated with the proper wrench. This design is known as a “dry barrel” hydrant, in that the barrel, or vertical body of the hydrant, is normally dry. A drain valve underground opens when the water valve is completely closed; this allows all water to drain from the hydrant body to prevent the hydrant from freezing.
In warm areas, hydrants are used with one or more valves in the above-ground portion. Unlike cold-weather hydrants, it is possible to turn the water supply on and off to each port. This style is known as a “wet barrel” hydrant.
Both wet- and dry- barrel hydrants typically have multiple outlets. Wet barrel hydrant outlets are typically individually controlled, while a single stem operates all the outlets of a dry barrel hydrant simultaneously. Thus, wet barrel hydrants allow single outlets to be opened, requiring somewhat more effort but simultaneously allowing more flexibility.
A typical U.S. dry-barrel hydrant has two smaller outlets and one larger outlet. The larger outlet is often a Storz connection if the local fire department has standardized on hose using Storz fittings for large diameter supply line. The larger outlet is known as a “steamer” connection (because they were once used to supply steam powered water pumps), and a hydrant with such an outlet may be referred to as a “steamer hydrant” although this usage is becoming archaic. Likewise, an older hydrant without a steamer connection may be referred to as a “village hydrant.”
Hydrant coloring may be due either to purely practical criteria or more artistic. In the United States, the AWWA and NFPA recommend hydrants be colored chrome yellow for rapid identification apart from the bonnet and nozzle caps which should be coded according to their available flow. Class AA hydrants (>1500gpm) should have their nozzle caps and bonnet colored light blue, Class A hydrants (1000-1499gpm), green, Class B hydrants (500-999gpm), orange, and Class C hydrants (0-499gpm), red. This aids arriving firefighters in determining how much water is available and whether to call for additional resources, or locate another hydrant. Other codings can be and frequently are used, some of greater complexity, incorporating pressure information, others more simplistic. In Ottawa, hydrant colors communicate different messages to firefighters; for example, if the inside of the hydrant is corroded so much that the interior diameter is too narrow for good pressure, it will be painted in a specific scheme to indicate to firefighters to move on to the next one. In many localities, a white or purple top indicates that the hydrant provides non-potable water. Where artistic and/or aesthetic considerations are paramount, hydrants can be extremely varied, or more subdued. In both instances this is usually at the cost of reduced practicality.
In Germany, most hydrants are located below ground (Unterflurhydrant) and are accessed by a Standrohr which provides the connections for the hoses.
In the UK and Ireland, hydrants are located in the ground. Yellow “H” hydrant signs indicate the location of the hydrants, and are similar to the blue signs in Finland. Mounted on a small post or nearby wall etc, the two numbers indicate the size of the water main (top number) and the distance from the sign (lower number). Modern signs show these measurements in millimetres and metres, whereas older signs use Imperial units. Because the orders of magnitude are so different (6 inches versus 150 mm) there is no ambiguity whichever measuring system is used.
In areas of the United States without winter snow cover, blue reflectors embedded in the street are used to allow rapid identification of hydrants at night. In areas with snow cover, tall signs or flags are used so that hydrants can be located even if covered with snow. In rural areas tall narrow posts painted with visible colours such as red are attached to the hydrants to allow them to be located during heavy snowfall periods.
In Australia, Hydrant signage varies, with several types displayed across the country. Most Australian hydrants are underground, being of a ballcock system, and a standpipe with a central plunger is used to open the valve. Due to this, hydrant signage is essential, due to their concealed nature.
- Painted markers – Usually a white or yellow (sometimes reflective paint) triangle or arrow painted on the road, pointing towards the side of the road the hydrant will be found on. These are most common in old areas, or on new roads where more advanced signs have not been installed. These are almost always coupled with a secondary form of signage.
- Hydrant Marker Plates – Found on power poles, fences, or street-signs, these are a comprehensive and effective system of identification. The plate consists of several codes; H (Potable water Hydrant), RH (Recycled/Non Potable), P (Pathway, where the hydrant cover can be found), R (Roadway). The plate is vertically oriented, around 8 cm wide, and 15 cm high. Found on this plate, from top to bottom, are the following features:
- The codes listed above, Potable/Non-potable at the top, Path/Roadway on the bottom of the plate.
- Below this, a number giving the distance to the hydrant (in meters), then a second number below that giving the size (in millimeters) of the water main.
- A black line across the center of the plate indicated the hydrant is found on the opposite side of the road to which the plate is affixed.
- Plates for recycled water have a purple background, as well as the RH code, normal potable hydrants are white, with the H code.
- Road reflectors or ‘Catseyes’ – Almost exclusively blue, these are placed on the center line of the road, usually with little indication on which side of the road the hydrant lies. They are visible for several hundred meters at night in heavy rain, further in clear conditions
In most areas fire hydrants require annual inspections and maintenance – they normally only have a one year warranty, but some have 5 or even 10 year warranties, although the longer warranty does not remove the need for periodic inspections or maintenance. These inspections are generally performed by the local municipalities but they often do not inspect hydrants that are identified as private. Private hydrants are usually located on larger properties to adequately protect large buildings in case of a fire and in order to comply with the fire code. Such hydrants have met the requirements of insurance underwriters and are often referred to as UL/FM hydrants. Some companies are contracted out to inspect private fire hydrants unless the municipality has undertaken that task.
Some fire Hydrant manufacturers recommend lubricating the head mechanism and restoring the head gaskets and o-rings annually in order that the fire hydrant perform the service expected of them, while others have incorporate proprietary features to provide long-term lubrication of the hydrant’s operating mechanism. In any case, periodic inspection of lubricates is recommended. Lubrication is generally done with a food grade non-petroleum lubricant to avoid contamination of the distribution system.
Occasionally a stone or foreign object will mar the seat gasket. In this case, most hydrants have a special seat wrench that allows removal of the seat to replace the gasket or other broken parts without removing the hydrant from the ground. Hydrants extensions are also available for raising a hydrant if the grade around the hydrant changes. Without extending the height, the wrenches to remove caps would not clear and the break flanges for traffic models would not be located correctly in case they were hit. Hydrant repair kits are also available to repair sacrificial parts designed to break when hit by a vehicle.
Many departments use the hydrants for flushing out water line sediments. When doing so, they often use a hydrant diffuser, which is a device that diffuses the water so that it doesn’t damage property and is less dangerous to bystanders than a solid stream. Some diffusers also dechlorinate the water to avoid ground contamination. Hydrants are also sometimes used as entry or exit points for pipe cleaning pigs.
In rural areas where municipal water systems are not available, dry hydrants are used to supply water for fighting fires. A dry hydrant is analogous to a standpipe. A dry hydrant is usually an unpressurized, permanently installed pipe that has one end below the water level of a lake or pond. This end usually has a strainer to prevent debris from entering the pipe. The other end is above ground and has a hard sleeve connector. When needed, a pumper fire engine will pump from the lake or pond by drafting water. This is done by vacuuming the air out the dry hydrant, hard sleeve, and the fire engines pump with a primer. Because lower pressure exist at the pump intake, atmospheric pressure on the pond or lake forces water into part of the dry hydrant above water, into the hard sleeve, and finally into the pump. This water can then be pumped by the engine’s centrifugal pump.
- Water wells are also sometimes classified as fire hydrants if they can supply enough water volume and pressure.
- Standpipes are connections for firehoses within a building and serve the same purpose as fire hydrants in larger structures. Standpipes may be “dry” or “wet” (permanently filled with water).
A Flushing hydrant is a hydrant that is used for flushing a water line of silt, rust, debris, or stagnant water. Many water utilities use standard fire hydrants for flushing their lines. Specialized flushing hydrants are often smaller and less expensive than a fire hydrant to reduce cost where fire fighting use is not needed or practical. Flushing hydrants typically only have one outlet in contrast to fire hydrants which normally have two or three. Flushing hydrants are commonly installed at the end of dead end water lines.
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Jacksonville Duval County 904-346-1266
St Augustine St Johns County 904-824-7144
Orange Park Clay County 904-264-6444
Jacksonville Beaches Duval County 904-246-3969
Fernandina Nassau County 904-277-3040
Macclenny Baker County 904-259-5091
Palm Coast Flagler County 386-439-5290
Daytona Volusia County 386-253-4911
GAINESVILLE ALACHUA COUNTY 352-335-8555
Serving all of Florida and Georgia at 904-346-1266
EMAIL LARRY@1STPROP.COM (feel free to email your bidding packages here)
Fire Hydrant Security Devices |
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Fernandina, Florida Nassau County 904-277-3040
Macclenny, Florida Baker County 904-259-5091
Palm Coast, Florida Flagler County 386-439-5290
Daytona, Florida Volusia County 386-253-4911
Gainesville, Florida Alachua County 352-335-8555
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How do I know if I have a broken water line or slab leak?
Leaks are often indicated by high water bills or a faint hissing sound. A professional plumber should tend
to leaks immediately as damage can occur rapidly.
How do I know if my toilet is leaking?
If you suspect the toilet is leaking, put a drop of food color in the tank. If you see the color in the bowl,
there is a leak. Toilets consume more than 40% of total water usage when working properly – so it is
important (and cost saving) to ensure they are not wasting water.
There is a whistling sound coming from my toilet? What could it be?
Mostly likely, the flapper and fill valve need to be replaced.
My toilet keeps running and the water won’t shut off. What do I do?
This typically indicates a bad fill valve that needs to be replaced.
What causes low water pressure?
A leak or old galvanized piping can cause low water pressure. It might be time to repipe your house.
I only briefly have hot water. Do I need a new hot water heater?
Not necessarily. There are two heating elements in a heater, most likely one is burned out and will need
replacing.
I have scalding hot water. What do I do?
Scalding hot water can be an indication that the hot water heater thermostat has gone bad. This problem
will continue until the thermostat is replaced.
I have a strange odor in my home, what could it be?
It could be sewer gas. First, run water in any sinks that have not been run lately. If the water in the “U”
part of the pipe (p-trap) dries up, air will come in from the sewer creating a foul smell. Sewer gas can
escape through an unsealed toilet if the wax seal has broken. In this case, the toilet would need to be
pulled and reset. You may also try cleaning your garbage disposer by running anti-bacterial soap, ice
cubes, or lemon peels in it.
My Garbage disposer has stopped, what can I do?
There is usually a small red button on the side of the unit underneath the sink. Try pressing the button
for 2-5 seconds, then release. Run water and try to turn on the unit again as that may reset it.
How can I remove mineral deposits from by shower head and faucets?
Northeast Florida has a great deal of lime in the water. This will calcify on metal fixtures. Mix equal parts
vinegar and water in a baggie and use a rubber band to affix the baggie to the fixture. Let sit until the
calcification has loosened.
Is a drippy faucet worth fixing?
Drippy faucets can waste up to 150 gallons of water per month.
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As the largest city in land area in the contiguous United States, Jacksonville is divided both formally and informally into a few large sections. Though most residents divide the city into Northside, Southside, Westside, and—increasingly over the past decade, Arlington—Jacksonville’s official website divides the city into six major sections:[1]
Sections of Jacksonville
- Greater Arlington, more commonly known to Jacksonville citizens simply as Arlington, is situated east and south of the St. Johns River and north of Beach Blvd.
- North Jacksonville is officially designated by the city website as everything north of the St. Johns & Trout Rivers and east of US 1. Much of this area is known by Jacksonville residents as the Northside, though much of what is called “Northside” does not fall within these boundaries, and much of what falls within these boundaries has not been traditionally known as “Northside”.
- Northwest Jacksonville is located north of Interstate 10, south of the Trout River and surrounds the downtown section. The parts of this area between US Highway 1 and the Trout and St. John’s River is usually considered part of either the “Northside” or, alternately, Downtown. Much of this section is actually rural land, not easily classified as part of any section.
- Southeast Jacksonville, almost universally known as Southside, refers to everything east of the St. Johns River and south of Beach Blvd.
- Southwest Jacksonville makes up most of what is known in Jacksonville as the Westside, though parts of Northwest Jacksonville also are considered part of the “Westside”. It consists of everything west of the St. Johns River and south of Interstate 10.
- The Urban Core, most of which is commonly known as Downtown, includes the south & north banks of the narrowest part of the St. Johns River east from the Fuller Warren Bridge and extending roughly 4 miles (6.4 km) north and east.
With the rapid growth in the eastern part of Duval County, the Intracoastal/Beaches/Ponte Vedra area is viewed by many as a major section as well, but is not generally included in a Jacksonville list since they lie outside of the Jacksonville city limits. There is also a distinct part of the city known as “Eastside” which those unfamiliar with Jacksonville’s overall geography sometimes mistakenly regard as one of the major divisions of town, rather than the localized neighborhood which it is.
Today, what distinguishes a “section” of Jacksonville from a “neighborhood” is primarily a matter of size and divisibility. However, definitions are imprecise, and sometimes not universally agreed upon.[2]
Each of these sections not only encompasses a large area, but also, each is divided into many neighborhoods. Each of these neighborhoods, in turn, has its own identity.
Each of these sections is divided into many neighborhoods. Some of these neighborhoods, such as Mandarin and LaVilla, had existed previously as independent towns or villages, prior to consolidation, and have their own histories.
Contents[hide] |
Sections
North Jacksonville
Sandalwood
The Sandalwood neighborhood began developing in the spring of 1960, midway between downtown Jacksonville and the beaches, or about 6 miles (9.7 km) from each, was advertised in 1960-61 as “On the Southside – halfway between business and pleasure!” The builder-developer, Pearce-Uible, was located at 3850 Beach Blvd.
The original neighborhood was bordered by the then two-lane Atlantic Boulevard on the north, a mile of palmetto and scrub on the south before reaching Beachwood neighborhood and Beach Boulevard, the western part of the neighborhood was bordered by the less than two-lane dirt road named St. John’s Bluff, and the eastern border of the neighborhood was defined by a storm drainage ditch called the Sandalwood Canal. The original streets are named after mostly South Pacific islands and most of the streets are, from north to south, in alphabetical order. The original street names are Aloha Drive; Batavia Drive; Caledonia Drive; Delago Drive; Eniwetok Drive; Fiji Court; Hawaii Drive East; Hawaii Drive South; Indies Drive North; Indies Drive East; Indies Drive South; Java Drive; Kuralei Drive; Mindanao Drive (The main drag); Sandalwood Boulevard (Original main entrance road); Bahia Drive; Dulawan Drive; and Kusaie Drive.
The were eight original home styles named as follows: Aloha; Bahama; Bikini; Caledonia; Del ray; Java; Polynesian; and Waikiki. Free airplane rides over Sandalwood were offered during the grand opening. The entrance and sales office located on Sandalwood Boulevard boasted a winding, palm lined street, and adjacent play area for the children. Homes were priced from $11,400 to $16,000, with monthly payments as low as $67. The original Sandalwood consisted of approximately 500 homes. The first families purchased homes in May and June 1960. Many of the first families were U.S. Navy families who were stationed at the Mayport base and others were employed by CSX railroad.
In the late 1970s, additional construction began at the southern border by the Sofranko Homes company, nearly doubling the size of the neighborhood. Most of the original early 1960s families have moved away over the years, but a handful of the original families are still left from the early 1960s.
Southeast Jacksonville
Neighborhoods include Arrowhead, Avenues, Bayard, Baymeadows, Baymeadows Center, Beach Haven, Beauclerc, Bowden, Brackridge, Brierwood, Craven, Deercreek, Deerwood, Deerwood Center, Del Rio, Englewood, Goodbys Creek, Greenfield Manor, Greenland, Isle of Palms, Julington Creek, Kilarney Shores, Lakewood, Loretto, Mandarin, Mandarin Station, Miramar, Montclair, Pickwick Park, Pine Forrest, Royal Lakes, San Jose, San Jose Forrest, San Marco, Sans Pareil, Sans Souci, Secret Cove, South Riverside, Southpoint, Southwood, Spring Park, Sunbeam, Tiger Hole and Windy Hill.
Bayard
Bayard has a rich history that antedates its inclusion in the municipality of Jacksonville. For more information, see Bayard.
Baymeadows
Baymeadows is a relatively affluent neighborhood centered around Baymeadows Road. It is situated south of Arlington (specifically, south of J. Turner Butler Boulevard) and east of Mandarin. A center for white-collar employment, it is home to many corporate office parks, upscale apartment complexes and residential developments, two private golf courses, several shopping centers and a large shopping mall. Deerwood and Hampton Glen and East Hampton and Reedy Branch Deercreek
Lakewood
Lakewood, which lies in the area where San Jose Blvd. and University Blvd intersect, is a residential area with houses built in the 1950s. It has several churches, two shopping centers, and a plethora of streets named after major private colleges, such as Clemson, Cornell, Fordham, and Emory.
Loretto
Loretto is a distinct part of the greater Mandarin area, and sits between San Jose Boulevard to the west and Philips Highway to the east. It is bordered to the north by Interstate 295 and to the south by the county line. Loretto was formed by the Catholic Diocese of St. Augustine. In the days of Reconstruction, Loretto sprouted up next to the nuns’ convent, dormitory and school. It is on what became Old St. Augustine Road, the highway between Jacksonville and St. Augustine. According to Wayne Wood’s Jacksonville’s Architectural Heritage, the nuns were sent there to educate both the residents and newly freed slaves. The Catholic Church still owns the property on all four corners of the intersection of St. Augustine Road and Loretto/Greenland Roads. The Loretto area public schools always have been highly regarded; on the FCAT, they’re all rated A, B or C. The average price for homes that become available in Loretto is just under $200K. Many homes are built on some of the largest new construction lots in the area and there are a lot of dead-end streets and cul-de-sacs. Over the length of San Jose Boulevard, residents can find just about every merchant, service or restaurant available in the city. Loretto has a solid, hometown feel, with established neighborhoods, parks and nature areas nearby, making it the proverbial middle America.
Mandarin
Mandarin has a rich history that antedates its inclusion in the municipality of Jacksonville. For more information, see Mandarin.
Candidates for the 2010 steward elections are asked to submit their nominations by January 28. Nominate yourself.[Hide] [Help us with translations!] |
Mandarin, Jacksonville, Florida
Mandarin is a neighborhood located in the southern most portion of Jacksonville, in Duval County, Florida, United States. It is located on the eastern banks of the St. Johns River, across from Orange Park. Mandarin was named after the Mandarin orange in 1830 by Calvin Reed, a prominent resident of the area .
Once called “a tropical paradise” by author Harriett Beecher Stowe, the quaint area of Mandarin is marked by its history, ancient oak trees draped with Spanish moss, beautiful parks, marinas and more water views than any other area in Jacksonville. In the 1800s, Mandarin was a small farming village that shipped oranges, grapefruit, lemons and other fruits and vegetables to Jacksonville and points north on the steamships that traveled the St. Johns River. In 1864, the Union steamship, the Maple Leaf, hit a Confederate mine and sank just off Mandarin Point.
While Mandarin now is just a small section of the City of Jacksonville, its natural beauty, parks and historic buildings draw visitors from around the world. Just a short drive south of Jacksonville’s city center, the community is bordered by Beauclerc to the north, Julington Creek to the south and St. John’s River to the west.
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History
Harriet Beecher Stowe
Main article: Palmetto Leaves
In 1867 the famous author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin, Harriet Beecher Stowe bought a cottage here. For the next seventeen winters, she welcomed tourists debarking from the steamers making their way down the St. Johns River and charged them 75 cents each to meet her and admire her surroundings.
Stowe, although best known for her novel Uncle Tom’s Cabin about the cruelty of slavery, also wrote about Florida.
She had promised her Boston publisher another novel, but was so taken with northeast Florida that she produced instead a series of sketches of the land and the people which she submitted in 1872 under the title Palmetto Leaves. Her second book did not outsell her first novel, but did have the effect of drawing rich and fashionable tourists to visit her.
In Palmetto Leaves Stowe describes life in Florida in the latter half of the 19th century; “a tumble-down, wild, panicky kind of life—this general happy-go-luckiness which Florida inculcates.” Her idyllic sketches of picnicking, sailing, and river touring expeditions and simple stories of events and people in this tropical “winter summer” land became the first unsolicited promotional writing to interest northern tourists in Florida.[1]
A small chapel is dedicated to Harriet Beecher Stowe in Mandarin.
Famous Residents
The late Allen Collins from the rock band Lynyrd Skynyrd resided some of his last years in Mandarin before he passed. Mandarin was also the location where Allen was involved in a car accident during 1986 that left him paralyzed from the waist down and his girlfriend dead.
20th Century
In 1968, the city of Jacksonville and most of Duval County formed a consolidated municipal unit. As part of this process, Mandarin ceased to exist as a political entity, and became part of the City of Jacksonville.
In 1990, with the rapid growth of Mandarin, a new public high school was opened in the area. Several prominent citizens in Jacksonville urged that the new school be named Harriet Beecher Stowe High School, but the proposal did not receive widespread acceptance, and instead the school was simply named, Mandarin High School.
Geography
Mandarin is located at 30°09′37″N 81°39′34″WCoordinates: 30°09′37″N 81°39′34″W (30.1603, -81.6594).[2] / 30.1603°N 81.6594°W / 30.1603; -81.6594 / 30.1603°N 81.6594°W / 30.1603; -81.6594
References
- ^ “Palmetto Leaves”. University Press of Florida. http://www.upf.com/Spring1999/stowe.html. Retrieved 2006-09-06.
- ^ “US Gazetteer files: 2000 and 1990″. United States Census Bureau. 2005-05-03. http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
External links
San Marco
San Marco is a relatively small and generally upscale neighborhood located south of Downtown and north of Mandarin. Due to large differences in property value, income distribution, and reported crime statistics in a relatively small area, San Marco is diverse. In one block, residences range from low cost, multi-family dwellings to sprawling riverside mansions. It is an area of historical and cultural significance in Jacksonville, and its inhabitants and proprietors identify strongly with their community.
Known as a trendy area, the most identifying feature of San Marco is “the Square,” an artsy shopping, dining, and entertainment district; its galleries, restaurants, and boutiques are overwhelmingly independently owned, operated, and supported which lends to its vogue. Visitors of the Square are likely to see polite intermingling between young professionals, landed gentry, “scenesters,” and “starving artists.”
Common landmarks are its large statue of three lions and the Art Deco styled San Marco Theater.
Sunbeam
Sunbeam is a relatively new neighborhood centered around Sunbeam Road which runs east/west between Philips Highway and San Jose Boulevard. It is situated south of Baymeadows Road, east of Mandarin and north of the Avenues Mall. The area includes the site of the former Sunbeam Sanitary Landfill which opened in 1972. The dump emitted objectionable odors, which discouraged development nearby. The landfill permit expired in 1986, and the facility stopped accepting garbage. After being covered with a 3-foot (0.91 m) deep cap, which prevents the elements from coming in and waste from coming out, the Florida Department of Environmental Regulation (FDER) certified it closed on October 21, 1992. [3] With the odor problem resolved, development resumed in the middle 1990’s including subdivisions, apartment complexes, commercial buildings and the Community Hospice of Northeast Florida center. A golf course on and around the original landfill was planned and delayed for several years but construction finally began in late 2007 and projected to open in Fall, 2008. However, the financial meltdown delayed opening. At the end of 2009, the course was substantially complete but work on a clubhouse had not commenced.
Southwest Jacksonville
.[4]..[5]. Neighborhoods include Argyle, Avondale, Cedar Hills, Cedar Hills Estates, Chimney Lakes, Confederate Point, Duclay, Duclay Forest, Fairfax, Herlong, Hillcrest, Hyde Park, Jax Farms, Jacksonville Heights, Lakeshore, Maxville, McGirts Creek, Murray Hill, Normandy Manor, Normandy Village, Oak Hill, Ortega, Ortega Farms, Ortega Forest, Ortega Hills, Otis, Riverside, Rolling Hills, Settlers Landing, Sweetwater, Venetia, Wesconnett, Whitehouse, Yukon and West Jacksonville.
The Westside is home to Paxon School for Advanced Studies, which happens to be one of the top schools in the nation by academics since 2003. The Westside is also home to some of the most culturally diverse schools in Duval County to date.
Argyle
One of the newest and largest neighborhoods on Jacksonville’s Westside, and occupying a large area of former ranchland, Argyle has grown rapidly from its beginnings in the mid-1980s. Straddling the Duval/Clay county line, Argyle was originally accessible only from Blanding Boulevard in Orange Park. However, as it has expanded westward, Argyle is now connected to Jacksonville’s far-Westside by a number of roads, including the Brannan Field-Chaffee Road corridor that links I-10 directly with Middleburg. Argyle remains a popular choice for middle-class families that are recently settling in Jacksonville.
Avondale
Historic Avondale lies along the St. John’s River southwest of the Riverside area, some three to four miles (6 km) upriver from downtown Jacksonville. Avondale is known for its quiet, tree-lined residential streets and hundreds of quaint homes, most dating from the early 1920s during the Great Florida Land Boom. A few Avondale homes pre-date 1900. Most homes in the neighborhood reflect the middle to upper income taste in residential architecture of the 1920s, including numerous Prairie School, Art Deco, Craftsman Style, Classical Revival, and Mediterranean Revival styles. Avondale is characterized by numerous bungalows and spacious, graceful homes. Unlike some other neighborhoods, Avondale never experienced a period of decline during the latter 20th Century, and retains much of its original gentility.
Two-lane St. John’s Avenue is the key traffic artery through Avondale, and is the location of the Avondale Shops, a small but vibrant collection of specialty shops, clothing stores, cafes, and upscale restaurants, most of which are located in original 1920s structures.
The Avondale Historic District is a U.S. historic district in Jacksonville, Florida. It is bounded by Roosevelt Boulevard, Belvedere Avenue, Seminole Road, the St. Johns River, and Talbot Avenue, encompasses approximately 2730 acres, and contains 729 historic buildings. On July 6, 1989, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.
Cedar Hills
Cedar Hills lies along the Cedar River (called Cedar Creek by the locals), on the opposite shore from Lake Shore, and stretches from Blanding Boulevard on the east to Lane Avenue to the west. Built in the 1940s, Cedar Hills consists of some 3,000 single-family brick or concrete block homes in seven different residential neighborhoods that are anchored by the Cedar Hills Shopping Center business district. Most of the homes are modest, although many of the homes along the shore of the Cedar River have been greatly expanded, or replaced with much larger homes.
Confederate Point
Built in the 1960s on reclaimed lowlands, technically a small island surrounded by a moat, with one small bridge as access. Confederate Point lies along the Cedar River (called Cedar Creek by the locals), on the opposite shore from Lake Shore. Confederate Point stretches from the Ortega River to the east, to Blanding Boulevard on the West, and is bordered by the Cedar River to the North, and Timaquana Boulevard to the South. The area consists of approximately 300 large, single family homes, and approximately 700 condos and apartments that line the south bank of the Cedar River. All of the single family homes are inland, with the apartments and condos lining the shore of the Cedar River. The area is popular given that it is close to water, and Downtown, yet also exclusive in that there is only one road in or out.
Lake Shore
Built during the time of the first World War, Lake Shore lies on the curving north bank of the Cedar River (called Cedar Creek by the locals), and stretches from Roosevelt Boulevard on the east, to the Cedar River to the West, and is bordered by the Cedar River to the South, and Park Street to the North, and is bisected by Cassat Avenue. Lake Shore consists of approximately 1,000 modest, wood-frame, concrete block or brick homes, with the exception of approximately 80 quite large estates that line the shore of the Cedar River. The neighborhood is anchored by the Roosevelt Plaza on Roosevelt Boulevard, and the Lake Shore business district of stores up and down Cassat Avenue. Lake Shore is centrally located on the Westside, with quick access to Downtown Jacksonville via Roosevelt Boulevard. Given the small size of the existing homes, the current trend is for first time home buyers to renovate and retrofit these well built homes to fit today’s needs. This is a very well maintained pocket of 1940s and 1950s homes. There is a definite trend to renovate and revitalize this quiet, comfortable neighborhood.
Marietta
Marietta is one of the small farming communities that was absorbed during the 1968 consolidation of Jacksonville with Duval County. Though technically a part of the city proper today, much of Marietta still retains its small-town, and even rural “feel”, with some old-style farms and ranches, and most homes occupying lots of 10 acres (40,000 m2) or more, on which they keep horses and cattle, or raise grain and maintain orchards. Marietta is popular with old Southern families, and new families who moved to Jacksonville from mid-western agricultural states. Companies looking for more space have also found Marietta. The area west of Marietta and east of Whitehouse along Beaver Street is now home to the Publix warehouse, Michael’s warehouse and the Winn-Dixie distribution center.
Normandy
Outside of what would eventually become Jacksonville, and originally called “Hogan Settlement”, The Normandy area was settled by Jacksonville’s “Founding Family”, the “Hogan’s” who were the first white settlers in Duval County. The Normandy area is a large swath of forested high-ground that straddles both sides of Normandy Boulevard, and stretches from Cassat Avenue on the East, out to Herlong Airfield on the West, and is bordered by I-10 to the North, and Wilson Road to the South. Though originally populated by the large ranches of many of Duval County’s founding families such as the Hogans, Lindseys, Fourakers, and the Herlongs, the area is now a bedroom community, containing over a dozen large residential neighborhoods such as Normandy, Normandy Village, Rolling Hills, Country Creek, Crystal Springs, Hyde Grove, Hyde Park, etc, with very few apartment complexes or condo developments. These neighborhoods have their own sewer and water plants, and unlike most wood-constructed homes in Jacksonville’s newer neighborhoods, most homes in the Normandy area are constructed of brick, or concrete block. The area is home to some of the city’s best schools, and parks. Unlike other sections of the city, where people tend to move from home to home every 2 or 3 years; homes in the Normandy area are routinely transferred from generation to generation, and it is not unusual for great-grandchildren to live in homes originally built by their great-grandparents.[6].
Ortega
Historic Ortega lies on the St Johns River just south of the historic Riverside area. Ortega is bordered by the St. Johns River on the East, the Cedar River on the North, and the Ortega river on the West, practically making it an “inland island.” The history of the area includes a number of interesting characters: botanist William Bartram; highwayman and cattle rustler Daniel McGirtt; and Don Juan McQueen, who attempted to establish a plantation on his 1791 Ortega land grant, but was forced to leave due to attacks of Georgians and the French. Gangster George “Machine Gun” Kelly and his wife were rumored to be the mysterious couple who abruptly left their rented Grand Avenue home hours before a midnight police raid in 1933. Ortega is home to hundreds of mid-size to large, turn-of-the-century homes and Southern Style mansions. Many of these homes are situated directly on the river, and the nature of the “island” allows ease of access to the waterways for all residents. Along with Avondale and Riverside, Ortega is home to some of the wealthiest of Jacksonville families. It is marked by a distinctly traditional Southern culture complete with one of the South’s most exclusive debutante coiteries. The island is almost exclusively residential, the only exception being a small square in the section known as “Old Ortega” on the northern end where a small collection of restaurants, boutiques, and a pharmacy are found. Ortega, with its giant oaks, waterfront mansions, and series of parks is widely considered one of the most beautiful residential areas of Northeast Florida.
Paxon
Platted in the 1920s and 30’s, the Paxon area is one of the oldest, pre-platted neighborhoods in Jacksonville. Built due to the redistribution of housing after the Great Fire, the Paxon area replaced the many thousands of homes that were destroyed in the Great Fire with thousands of modest, wood-framed homes. The Paxon area was extensively well-planned with its own schools (originally known as Paxon Sr. High School and Paxon Jr. High School, along with a half-dozen small elementary schools). The area straddles Edgewood Avenue South, and stretches from Mcduff Avenue to the East, and I-295 to the West, and is bordered by I-10 to the South, and I-295 to the North. The area originally contained over 40,000 single family homes in over 15 different residential neighborhoods, all anchored by the Edgewood Avenue, and Beaver Street business districts. However, over time, the area declined due to the small average size of the homes, and many of those homes were destroyed, and replaced with warehouses and mixed industry. Despite the new industrialization of the area overall, there are still many thousands of occupied homes in the Paxon area. Paxon Senior High School has been converted into a magnet school—it is now known as Paxon School for Advanced Studies—which has been listed by Forbes Magazine as one of the top three high schools in the United States for the last four years.[citation needed]
Riverside
Whitehouse
The community of Whitehouse was originally founded due to its close proximity to NAS Cecil Field, with most residents being active Navy personnel or civilian employees at the facility. When the federal government closed Cecil Field in 1999, the leaving military workers were replaced by civilian workers at the Cecil Commerce Center. The area east of Whitehouse along Beaver Street is now home to the Publix warehouse, Michael’s warehouse and the Winn-Dixie distribution center, which provide additional employment nearby.
Northwest Jacksonville
A less developed section of Jacksonville, it is primarily commercial/industrial around Interstate 295 and rural residential in most areas. Neighborhoods include: Allendale, Biltmore, Bulls Bay, Carver Manor, Cisco Gardens, College Gardens, Commonwealth, Edgewood, Edgewood Manor, Grand Park, Harborview, Lackawanna, Lake Forrest, Lake Forrest Hills, Lincoln Hills, Magnolia Gardens, Mixon Town, New Town, Osceola Forrest, Panama Park, Picketville, Ribault, Riverview, Robinsons Addition, Royal Terrace, Sherwood Forrest, Tallulah/North Shore, Woodstock, 45th & Chase.
Panama Park
Panama Park was home to two of Jacksonville’s previous mayors, and the founder’s of Duval Spirits, the late J. Baker Bryan and his brother Lon B. Bryan. Oceanway is the home of F. Andy Bryan, Grandson of the late J. Baker Bryan, his great grandson J. Baker Bryan IV, lives in the Orlando area.
North Shore
The North Jacksonville neighborhood of North Shore had Main Street as its eastern border from about 35th Street up to Trout River. Panama Park was the adjoining neighborhood to the east, Norwood to the west and Brentwood to the south. The western border was between Norwood Avenue and Pearl Street, with Elwood Avenue as the western border. North Shore from the 1930s through the 1990s was largely a lower middle income neighborhood that included churches, a school (North Shore Elementary), and some small businesses clustered near Pearl and 54th Streets and at Pearl Street and Tallalah Avenue. The churches included: North Jacksonville Baptist Church, North Shore Methodist Church, North Shore Christian Church and an Episcopal Chapel. Two parks provided playgrounds for its children, including Tallulah Park and another park at the foot of Pearl Street on Trout River. For many years, the latter offered a boat ramp and areas for outdoor cooking and Easter Egg hunts. After graduating from North Shore Elementary School, its young people went on to Kirby-Smith Junior High School (grades 8-9) and Andrew Jackson Senior High School (grades 10-12). The City of Jacksonville built Fire Station Number 15 on the corner of Pearl and 54th Streets in the late 1940s, and it was a frequent hangout for the young people who were hoping that a fire call would provide some excitement as the firemen dashed for their gear and headed out on the ancient old pumper with chain-driven wooden wheels. Boy Scout Troop 222, based at the North Shore Christian Church provided life-changing core values and produced over 50 Eagle Scouts during its many years of service to the community.
Urban core
The central section of Jacksonville has the following neighborhoods: Brentwood, Brooklyn, Downtown, East Jacksonville, Fairfield, Hogans Creek, LaVilla, Longbranch, Midtown, Mid-Westside, Moncrief, Phoenix, Springfield, Southside, Tallyrand and 29th & Chase.
LaVilla
LaVilla has a rich history that antedates its inclusion in the municipality of Jacksonville. For more information, see LaVilla.
Southside
In 1907, the town of South Jacksonville (now the Southside neighborhood) incorporated with a population of some 600. In 1913, 96 South Jacksonville voters approved the issuance of $65,000 in bonds for civic improvements, including a city hall. The building, at 1468 Hendricks Avenue, was completed in 1915 and is one of the few remaining signs that South Jacksonville existed, if only for 25 years. In 1932, the city of Jacksonville annexed the area, and it ceased to exist as a separate government entity.[7]
Springfield
Established in 1869, Springfield has a rich history that antedates its inclusion in the municipality of Jacksonville. For more information, see Springfield.
Nocatee
Nocotee
Nocatee, Florida (pronounced \ˈnäk-ˈā-ˈtē\) is an unincorporated master-planned community in St. Johns County and the extreme southeast corner of Duval County (the city of Jacksonville), Florida, United States.
Nocatee is an approved Development of Regional Impact (DRI) under Section 380.06 of the Florida Statutes[1]. The mixed used development is situated on approximately 13,323 acres (53.92 km2), which 11,332 acres (45.86 km2) are located in northeastern St. Johns County and approximately 1,991 acres (8.06 km2) are located in southeastern Jacksonville, Florida.
Atlanta Beach, Atlantic Beach, Baldwin, Bryceville, Callahan, Cecil Field, Dinsmore, Doctors Lake, Fernandina Beach, Fl, Green Cove Springs, Hillard, Homeside Lending Inc, Jacksonvile Florid, Jacksonvile Lorida, Jacksonville Beach, Jacksonville N A S, Jacksonville Naval Air Stati, Jacksonville Naval Hospital, Jaksonville Floride, Jax, Jax Bch, Jax Naval Air, Jax Naval Hos, Lake Butler, Lawtey, Macclenny, Maxville, Mayport, Mayport Nav S, Mayport Nav Sta, Mayport Naval Housing, Mayport Naval Sta, Mayport Naval Station, Maypt Nav Hou, Middleburg, Mill Cove, Nas Jacksonvle, Nas Jax, Nassaw Fl, Or Some Other Town Near Jacksonville, Orange Park, Ponte Vedra, Ponte Verde Beach, Raiford, Sanderson, St. Augustine, St. George, St. Mary’s, Starke, Yulee, 32099, 32201, 32202, 32203, 32204, 32205, 32206, 32207, 32208, 32209, 32210, 32211, 32212, 32214, 32215, 32216, 32217, 32218, 32219, 32220, 32221, 32222, 32223, 32224, 32225, 32226, 32227, 32228, 32229, 32230, 32231, 32232, 32234, 32235, 32236, 32237, 32238, 32239, 32241, 32244, 32245, 32246, 32247, 32254, 32255, 32256, 32257, 32258, 32260, 32267, 32277, 32290
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Palm Bay
Palm Beach
Palm Beach Gardens
Palm Beach Shores
Palm Coast
Palm Harbor –
Palm Shores
Palm Springs
Palmetto
Panama City
Panama City Beach
Parker
Parkland
Paxton
Pembroke Park
Pembroke Pines
Penney Farms
Pensacola
Perry
Pierson
Pinecrest
Pinellas Park
Plantation
Plant City
Polk City
Pomona Park
Pompano Beach
Ponce De Leon
Ponce Inlet
Port Orange
Port Richey
Port St. Joe
Port St. Lucie
Punta Gorda
Quincy
Raiford
Reddick
Redington Beach
Redington Shores
Riviera Beach
Rockledge
Royal Palm Beach
Safety Harbor
San Antonio
Sanford
Sanibel
Sarasota
Satellite Beach
Sea Ranch Lakes
Sebastian
Sebring
Seminole
Sewall’s Point
Shalimar
Sneads
Sopchoppy
South Bay
South Daytona
South Miami
South Palm Beach
South Pasadena
Southwest Ranches
Springfield
St. Augustine
St. Augustine Beach
St. Cloud
St. Leo
St. Lucie Village
St. Marks
St. Pete Beach
St. Petersburg
Starke
Stuart
Sunny Isles Beach
Sunrise
Surfside
Sweetwater
Tallahassee
Tamarac
Tampa
Tarpon Springs
Tavares
Temple Terrace
Tequesta
Titusville
Treasure Island
Trenton
Umatilla
Valparaiso
Venice
Vernon
Vero Beach
Virginia Gardens
Waldo
Wauchula
Wausau
Webster
Weeki Wachee
Welaka
Wellington
West Melbourne
West Miami
West Palm Beach
Weston
Westville
Wewahitchka
White Springs
Wildwood
Williston
Wilton Manors
Windemere
Winter Garden
Winter Haven
Winter Park
Winter Springs
Worthington Springs
Yankeetown
Zephyrhills
201.1 Scope. Unless otherwise expressly stated, the following words and terms shall, for the purposes of this code and standard, have the meanings indicated in this chapter.
201.2 Interchangeability. Words used in the present tense include the future; words in the masculine gender include the feminine and neuter; the singular number includes the plural and the plural, the singular.
201.3 Terms defined in other codes. Where terms are not defined in this code and are defined in the Florida Building Code, Building, Chapter 27 of the Florida Building Code, Building, Florida Fire Prevention Code, Florida Building Code, Mechanical or Florida Building Code, Plumbing, such terms shall have meanings ascribed to them as in those codes.
201.4 Terms not defined. Where terms are not defined through the methods authorized by this section, such terms shall have the meanings as defined in Webster’s Third New International Dictionary of the English Language Unabridged.
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SECTION 202 (IFGC) GENERAL DEFINITIONS
ACCESS (TO). That which enables a device, appliance or equipment to be reached by ready access or by a means that first requires the removal or movement of a panel, door or similar obstruction (see also “Ready access”).
AIR CONDITIONER, GAS-FIRED. A gas-burning, automatically operated appliance for supplying cooled and/or dehumidified air or chilled liquid.
AIR CONDITIONING. The treatment of air so as to control simultaneously the temperature, humidity, cleanness and distribution of the air to meet the requirements of a conditioned space.
AIR, EXHAUST. Air being removed from any space or piece of equipment and conveyed directly to the atmosphere by means of openings or ducts.
AIR-HANDLING UNIT. A blower or fan used for the purpose of distributing supply air to a room, space or area.
AIR, MAKEUP. Air that is provided to replace air being exhausted.
ALTERATION. A change in a system that involves an extension, addition or change to the arrangement, type or purpose of the original installation.
ANODELESS RISER. A transition assembly in which plastic piping is installed and terminated above ground outside of a building.
APPLIANCE (EQUIPMENT). Any apparatus or equipment that utilizes gas as a fuel or raw material to produce light, heat, power, refrigeration or air conditioning.
APPLIANCE, FAN-ASSISTED COMBUSTION. An appliance equipped with an integral mechanical means to either draw or force products of combustion through the combustion chamber or heat exchanger.
APPLIANCE, AUTOMATICALLY CONTROLLED. Appliances equipped with an automatic burner ignition and safety shutoff device and other automatic devices which accomplish complete turn-on and shutoff of the gas to the main burner or burners, and graduate the gas supply to the burner or burners, but do not affect complete shutoff of the gas.
APPLIANCE TYPE.
Low-heat appliance (residential appliance). Any appliance in which the products of combustion at the point of entrance to the flue under normal operating conditions have a temperature of 1,000°F (538°C) or less.
Medium-heat appliance. Any appliance in which the products of combustion at the point of entrance to the flue under normal operating conditions have a temperature of more than 1,000°F (538°C), but not greater than 2,000°F (1093°C).
APPLIANCE, UNVENTED. An appliance designed or installed in such a manner that the products of combustion are not conveyed by a vent or chimney directly to the outside atmosphere.
APPLIANCE, VENTED. An appliance designed and installed in such a manner that all of the products of combustion are conveyed directly from the appliance to the outside atmosphere through an approved chimney or vent system.
APPROVED. Acceptable to the code official or other authority having jurisdiction.
APPROVED AGENCY. An established and recognized agency that is approved by the code official and regularly engaged in conducting tests or furnishing inspection services.
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE. The pressure of the weight of air and water vapor on the surface of the earth, approximately 14.7 pounds per square inch (psi) (101 kPa absolute) at sea level.
AUTOMATIC IGNITION. Ignition of gas at the burner(s) when the gas controlling device is turned on, including reignition if the flames on the burner(s) have been extinguished by means other than by the closing of the gas controlling device.
BAFFLE. An object placed in an appliance to change the direction of or retard the flow of air, air-gas mixtures or flue gases.
BAROMETRIC DRAFT REGULATOR. A balanced damper device attached to a chimney, vent connector, breeching or flue gas manifold to protect combustion equipment by controlling chimney draft. A double-acting barometric draft regulator is one whose balancing damper is free to move in either direction to protect combustion equipment from both excessive draft and backdraft.
BOILER, LOW-PRESSURE. A self-contained appliance for supplying steam or hot water.
Hot water heating boiler. A boiler in which no steam is generated, from which hot water is circulated for heating purposes and then returned to the boiler, and that operates at water pressures not exceeding 160 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) (1100 kPa gauge) and at water temperatures not exceeding 250°F (121°C) at or near the boiler outlet.
Hot water supply boiler. A boiler, completely filled with water, which furnishes hot water to be used externally to itself, and that operates at water pressures not exceeding 160 psig (1100 kPa gauge) and at water temperatures not exceeding 250°F (121°C) at or near the boiler outlet.
Steam heating boiler. A boiler in which steam is generated and that operates at a steam pressure not exceeding 15 psig (100 kPa gauge).
BRAZING. A metal-joining process wherein coalescence is produced by the use of a nonferrous filler metal having a melting point above 1,000°F (538°C), but lower than that of the base metal being joined. The filler material is distributed between the closely fitted surfaces of the joint by capillary action.
BROILER. A general term including salamanders, barbecues and other appliances cooking primarily by radiated heat, excepting toasters.
BTU. Abbreviation for British thermal unit, which is the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 pound (454 g) of water 1°F (0.56°C) (1 Btu = 1055 J).
BURNER. A device for the final conveyance of the gas, or a mixture of gas and air, to the combustion zone.
Induced-draft. A burner that depends on draft induced by a fan that is an integral part of the appliance and is located downstream from the burner.
Power. A burner in which gas, air or both are supplied at pressures exceeding, for gas, the line pressure, and for air, atmospheric pressure, with this added pressure being applied at the burner.
CHIMNEY. A primarily vertical structure containing one or more flues, for the purpose of carrying gaseous products of combustion and air from an appliance to the outside atmosphere.
Factory-built chimney. A listed and labeled chimney composed of factory-made components, assembled in the field in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions and the conditions of the listing.
Masonry chimney. A field-constructed chimney composed of solid masonry units, bricks, stones or concrete.
Metal chimney. A field-constructed chimney of metal.
CLEARANCE. The minimum distance through air measured between the heat-producing surface of the mechanical appliance, device or equipment and the surface of the combustible material or assembly.
CLOTHES DRYER. An appliance used to dry wet laundry by means of heated air. Dryer classifications are as follows:
Type 1. Factory-built package, multiple production. Primarily used in family living environment. Usually the smallest unit physically and in function output.
Type 2. Factory-built package, multiple production. Used in business with direct intercourse of the function with the public. Not designed for use in individual family living environment.
CODE. These regulations, subsequent amendments thereto or any emergency rule or regulation that the administrative authority having jurisdiction has lawfully adopted.
CODE OFFICIAL. The officer or other designated authority charged with the administration and enforcement of this code, or a duly authorized representative.
COMBUSTION. In the context of this code, refers to the rapid oxidation of fuel accompanied by the production of heat or heat and light.
COMBUSTION AIR. Air necessary for complete combustion of a fuel, including theoretical air and excess air.
COMBUSTION CHAMBER. The portion of an appliance within which combustion occurs.
COMBUSTION PRODUCTS. Constituents resulting from the combustion of a fuel with the oxygen of the air, including inert gases, but excluding excess air.
CONCEALED LOCATION. A location that cannot be accessed without damaging permanent parts of the building structure or finish surface. Spaces above, below or behind readily removable panels or doors shall not be considered as concealed.
CONCEALED PIPING. Piping that is located in a concealed location (see “Concealed location”).
CONDENSATE. The liquid that condenses from a gas (including flue gas) caused by a reduction in temperature or increase in pressure.
CONNECTOR, APPLIANCE (Fuel). Rigid metallic pipe and fittings, semirigid metallic tubing and fittings or a listed and labeled device that connects an appliance to the gas piping system.
CONNECTOR, CHIMNEY OR VENT. The pipe that connects an appliance to a chimney or vent.
CONSTRUCTION DOCUMENTS. All of the written, graphic and pictorial documents prepared or assembled for describing the design, location and physical characteristics of the elements of the project necessary for obtaining a mechanical permit.
CONTROL. A manual or automatic device designed to regulate the gas, air, water or electrical supply to, or operation of, a mechanical system.
CONVERSION BURNER. A unit consisting of a burner and its controls for installation in an appliance originally utilizing another fuel.
COUNTER APPLIANCES. Appliances such as coffee brewers and coffee urns and any appurtenant water-heating equipment, food and dish warmers, hot plates, griddles, waffle bakers and other appliances designed for installation on or in a counter.
CUBIC FOOT. The amount of gas that occupies 1 cubic foot (0.02832 m3) when at a temperature of 60°F (16°C), saturated with water vapor and under a pressure equivalent to that of 30 inches of mercury (101 kPa).
DAMPER. A manually or automatically controlled device to regulate draft or the rate of flow of air or combustion gases.
DECORATIVE APPLIANCE, VENTED. A vented appliance wherein the primary function lies in the aesthetic effect of the flames.
DECORATIVE APPLIANCES FOR INSTALLATION IN VENTED FIREPLACES. A vented appliance designed for installation within the fire chamber of a vented fireplace, wherein the primary function lies in the aesthetic effect of the flames.
DEMAND. The maximum amount of gas input required per unit of time, usually expressed in cubic feet per hour, or Btu/h (1 Btu/h = 0.2931 W).
DESIGN FLOOD ELEVATION. Reserved.
DILUTION AIR. Air that is introduced into a draft hood and is mixed with the flue gases.
DIRECT-VENT APPLIANCES. Appliances that are constructed and installed so that all air for combustion is derived directly from the outside atmosphere and all flue gases are discharged directly to the outside atmosphere.
DRAFT. The pressure difference existing between the equipment or any component part and the atmosphere, that causes a continuous flow of air and products of combustion through the gas passages of the appliance to the atmosphere.
Mechanical or induced draft. The pressure difference created by the action of a fan, blower or ejector, that is located between the appliance and the chimney or vent termination.
Natural draft. The pressure difference created by a vent or chimney because of its height, and the temperature difference between the flue gases and the atmosphere.
DRAFT HOOD. A nonadjustable device built into an appliance, or made as part of the vent connector from an appliance, that is designed to (1) provide for ready escape of the flue gases from the appliance in the event of no draft, backdraft or stoppage beyond the draft hood, (2) prevent a backdraft from entering the appliance, and (3) neutralize the effect of stack action of the chimney or gas vent upon operation of the appliance.
DRAFT REGULATOR. A device that functions to maintain a desired draft in the appliance by automatically reducing the draft to the desired value.
DRIP. The container placed at a low point in a system of piping to collect condensate and from which the condensate is removable.
DRY GAS. A gas having a moisture and hydrocarbon dew point below any normal temperature to which the gas piping is exposed.
DUCT FURNACE. A warm-air furnace normally installed in an air distribution duct to supply warm air for heating. This definition shall apply only to a warm-air heating appliance that depends for air circulation on a blower not furnished as part of the furnace.
DUCT SYSTEM. A continuous passageway for the transmission of air that, in addition to ducts, includes duct fittings, dampers, plenums, fans and accessory air-handling equipment.
DWELLING UNIT. A single unit providing complete, independent living facilities for one or more persons, including permanent provisions for living, sleeping, eating, cooking and sanitation.
EQUIPMENT. See “Appliance.”
FIREPLACE. A fire chamber and hearth constructed of noncombustible material for use with solid fuels and provided with a chimney.
Masonry fireplace. A hearth and fire chamber of solid masonry units such as bricks, stones, listed masonry units or reinforced concrete, provided with a suitable chimney.
Factory-built fireplace. A fireplace composed of listed factory-built components assembled in accordance with the terms of listing to form the completed fireplace.
FIRING VALVE. A valve of the plug and barrel type designed for use with gas, and equipped with a lever handle for manual operation and a dial to indicate the percentage of opening.
FLAME SAFEGUARD. A device that will automatically shut off the fuel supply to a main burner or group of burners when the means of ignition of such burners becomes inoperative, and when flame failure occurs on the burner or group of burners.
FLOOD HAZARD AREA. Reserved.
FLOOR FURNACE. A completely self-contained furnace suspended from the floor of the space being heated, taking air for combustion from outside such space and with means for observing flames and lighting the appliance from such space.
Gravity type. A floor furnace depending primarily upon circulation of air by gravity. This classification shall also include floor furnaces equipped with booster-type fans which do not materially restrict free circulation of air by gravity flow when such fans are not in operation.
Fan type. A floor furnace equipped with a fan which provides the primary means for circulating air.
FLUE, APPLIANCE. The passage(s) within an appliance through which combustion products pass from the combustion chamber of the appliance to the draft hood inlet opening on an appliance equipped with a draft hood or to the outlet of the appliance on an appliance not equipped with a draft hood.
FLUE COLLAR. That portion of an appliance designed for the attachment of a draft hood, vent connector or venting system.
FLUE GASES. Products of combustion plus excess air in appliance flues or heat exchangers.
FLUE LINER (LINING). A system or material used to form the inside surface of a flue in a chimney or vent, for the purpose of protecting the surrounding structure from the effects of combustion products and for conveying combustion products without leakage to the atmosphere.
FUEL GAS. A natural gas, manufactured gas, liquefied petroleum gas or mixtures of these gases.
FUEL GAS UTILIZATION EQUIPMENT. See “Appliance.”
FURNACE. A completely self-contained heating unit that is designed to supply heated air to spaces remote from or adjacent to the appliance location.
FURNACE, CENTRAL. A self-contained appliance for heating air by transfer of heat of combustion through metal to the air, and designed to supply heated air through ducts to spaces remote from or adjacent to the appliance location.
Downflow furnace. A furnace designed with airflow discharge vertically downward at or near the bottom of the furnace.
Forced air furnace with cooling unit. A single-package unit, consisting of a gas-fired forced-air furnace of one of the types listed below combined with an electrically or fuel gas-powered summer air-conditioning system, contained in a common casing.
Forced-air type. A central furnace equipped with a fan or blower which provides the primary means for circulation of air.
Gravity furnace with booster fan. A furnace equipped with a booster fan that does not materially restrict free circulation of air by gravity flow when the fan is not in operation.
Gravity type. A central furnace depending primarily on circulation of air by gravity.
Horizontal forced-air type. A furnace with airflow through the appliance essentially in a horizontal path.
Multiple-position furnace. A furnace designed so that it can be installed with the airflow discharge in the upflow, horizontal or downflow direction.
Upflow furnace. A furnace designed with airflow discharge vertically upward at or near the top of the furnace. This classification includes “highboy” furnaces with the blower mounted below the heating element and “lowboy” furnaces with the blower mounted beside the heating element.
FURNACE, ENCLOSED. A specific heating, or heating and ventilating, furnace incorporating an integral total enclosure and using only outside air for combustion.
FURNACE PLENUM. An air compartment or chamber to which one or more ducts are connected and which forms part of an air distribution system.
GAS CONVENIENCE OUTLET. A permanently mounted, manually operated device that provides the means for connecting an appliance to, and disconnecting an appliance from, the supply piping. The device includes an integral, manually operated valve with a nondisplaceable valve member and is designed so that disconnection of an appliance only occurs when the manually operated valve is in the closed position.
GASEOUS HYDROGEN SYSTEM. See Section 702.1.
GAS PIPING. An installation of pipe, valves or fittings installed on a premises or in a building and utilized to convey fuel gas.
GAS UTILIZATION EQUIPMENT. An appliance that utilizes gas as a fuel or raw material or both.
HAZARDOUS LOCATION. Any location considered to be a fire hazard for flammable vapors, dust, combustible fibers or other highly combustible substances. The location is not necessarily categorized in the building code as a high-hazard group classification.
HOUSE PIPING. See “Piping system.”
HYDROGEN CUT-OFF ROOM. See Section 702.1.
HYDROGEN GENERATING APPLIANCE. See Section 702.1.
IGNITION PILOT. A pilot that operates during the lighting cycle and discontinues during main burner operation.
IGNITION SOURCE. A flame, spark or hot surface capable of igniting flammable vapors or fumes. Such sources include appliance burners, burner ignitors, and electrical switching devices.
INCINERATOR. An appliance used to reduce combustible refuse material to ashes and which is manufactured, sold and installed as a complete unit.
INDUSTRIAL AIR HEATERS, DIRECT-FIRED NONRECIRCULATING. A heater in which all the products of combustion generated by the burners are released into the air stream being heated. The purpose of the heater is to offset building heat loss by heating only outdoor air.
INDUSTRIAL AIR HEATERS, DIRECT-FIRED RECIRCULATING. A heater in which all the products of combustion generated by the burners are released into the air stream being heated. The purpose of the heater is to offset building heat loss by heating outdoor air, and, if applicable, indoor air.
INFRARED RADIANT HEATER. A heater that directs a substantial amount of its energy output in the form of infrared radiant energy into the area to be heated. Such heaters are of either the vented or unvented type.
JOINT, FLANGED. A joint made by bolting together a pair of flanged ends.
JOINT, FLARED. A metal-to-metal compression joint in which a conical spread is made on the end of a tube that is compressed by a flare nut against a mating flare.
JOINT, MECHANICAL. A general form of gas-tight joints obtained by the joining of metal parts through a positive-holding mechanical construction, such as flanged joint, threaded joint, flared joint or compression joint.
JOINT, PLASTIC ADHESIVE. A joint made in thermoset plastic piping by the use of an adhesive substance which forms a continuous bond between the mating surfaces without dissolving either one of them.
JOINT, PLASTIC HEAT FUSION. A joint made in thermoplastic piping by heating the parts sufficiently to permit fusion of the materials when the parts are pressed together.
JOINT, WELDED. A gas-tight joint obtained by the joining of metal parts in molten state.
LABELED. Devices, equipment, appliances or materials to which have been affixed a label, seal, symbol or other identifying mark of a nationally recognized testing laboratory, inspection agency or other organization concerned with product evaluation that maintains periodic inspection of the production of the above-labeled items and by whose label the manufacturer attests to compliance with applicable nationally recognized standards.
LIMIT CONTROL. A device responsive to changes in pressure, temperature or level for turning on, shutting off or throttling the gas supply to an appliance.
LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS or LPG (LP-GAS). Liquefied petroleum gas composed predominately of propane, propylene, butanes or butylenes, or mixtures thereof that is gaseous under normal atmospheric conditions, but is capable of being liquefied under moderate pressure at normal temperatures.
LISTED. Equipment, appliances or materials included in a list published by a nationally recognized testing laboratory, inspection agency or other organization concerned with product evaluation that maintains periodic inspection of production of listed equipment, appliances or materials, and whose listing states either that the equipment, appliance or material meets nationally recognized standards or has been tested and found suitable for use in a specified manner. The means for identifying listed equipment, appliances or materials may vary for each testing laboratory, inspection agency or other organization concerned with product evaluation, some of which do not recognize equipment, appliances or materials as listed unless they are also labeled. The authority having jurisdiction shall utilize the system employed by the listing organization to identify a listed product.
LIVING SPACE. Space within a dwelling unit utilized for living, sleeping, eating, cooking, bathing, washing and sanitation purposes.
LOG LIGHTER. A manually operated solid fuel ignition appliance for installation in a vented solid fuel-burning fireplace.
LUBRICATED PLUG-TYPE VALVE. A valve of the plug and barrel type provided with means for maintaining a lubricant between the bearing surfaces.
MAIN BURNER. A device or group of devices essentially forming an integral unit for the final conveyance of gas or a mixture of gas and air to the combustion zone, and on which combustion takes place to accomplish the function for which the appliance is designed.
METER. The instrument installed to measure the volume of gas delivered through it.
MODULATING. Modulating or throttling is the action of a control from its maximum to minimum position in either predetermined steps or increments of movement as caused by its actuating medium.
OCCUPANCY. The purpose for which a building, or portion thereof, is utilized or occupied.
OFFSET (VENT). A combination of approved bends that makes two changes in direction bringing one section of the vent out of line but into a line parallel with the other section.
ORIFICE. The opening in a cap, spud or other device whereby the flow of gas is limited and through which the gas is discharged to the burner.
OUTLET. A threaded connection or bolted flange in a pipe system to which a gas-burning appliance is attached.
OXYGEN DEPLETION SAFETY SHUTOFF SYSTEM (ODS). A system designed to act to shut off the gas supply to the main and pilot burners if the oxygen in the surrounding atmosphere is reduced below a predetermined level.
PILOT. A small flame that is utilized to ignite the gas at the main burner or burners.
PIPING. Where used in this code, “piping” refers to either pipe or tubing, or both.
Pipe. A rigid conduit of iron, steel, copper, brass or plastic.
Tubing. Semirigid conduit of copper, aluminum, plastic or steel.
PIPING SYSTEM. All fuel piping, valves and fittings from the outlet of the point of delivery to the outlets of the equipment shutoff valves.
PLASTIC, THERMOPLASTIC. A plastic that is capable of being repeatedly softened by increase of temperature and hardened by decrease of temperature.
POINT OF DELIVERY. For natural gas systems, the point of delivery is the outlet of the service meter assembly or the outlet of the service regulator or service shutoff valve where a meter is not provided. Where a valve is provided at the outlet of the service meter assembly, such valve shall be considered to be downstream of the point of delivery. For undiluted liquefied petroleum gas systems, the point of delivery shall be considered to be the outlet of the first regulator that reduces pressure to 2 psig (13.8 kPag) or less.
PORTABLE FUEL CELL APPLIANCE. A fuel cell generator of electricity, which is not fixed in place. A portable fuel cell appliance utilizes a cord and plug connection to a grid-isolated load and has an integral fuel supply.
PRESSURE DROP. The loss in pressure due to friction or obstruction in pipes, valves, fittings, regulators and burners.
PRESSURE TEST. An operation performed to verify the gas-tight integrity of gas piping following its installation or modification.
PURGE. To free a gas conduit of air or gas, or a mixture of gas and air.
QUICK-DISCONNECT DEVICE. A hand-operated device that provides a means for connecting and disconnecting an appliance or an appliance connector to a gas supply and that is equipped with an automatic means to shut off the gas supply when the device is disconnected.
READY ACCESS (TO). That which enables a device, appliance or equipment to be directly reached, without requiring the removal or movement of any panel, door or similar obstruction (see “Access”).
REGISTERED DESIGN PROFESSIONAL. An individual who is registered or licensed to practice their respective design profession as defined by the statutory requirements of the professional registration laws of the state or jurisdiction in which the project is to be constructed.
REGULATOR. A device for controlling and maintaining a uniform gas supply pressure, either pounds-to-pounds, pounds-to-inches water column or inches-to-inches water column (appliance regulator).
REGULATOR, GAS APPLIANCE. A pressure regulator for controlling pressure to the manifold of equipment. Types of appliance regulators are as follows:
Adjustable.
1. Spring type, limited adjustment. A regulator in which the regulating force acting upon the diaphragm is derived principally from a spring, the loading of which is adjustable over a range of not more than 15 percent of the outlet pressure at the midpoint of the adjustment range.
2. Spring type, standard adjustment. A regulator in which the regulating force acting upon the diaphragm is derived principally from a spring, the loading of which is adjustable. The adjustment means shall be concealed.
Multistage. A regulator for use with a single gas whose adjustment means is capable of being positioned manually or automatically to two or more predetermined outlet pressure settings. Each of these settings shall be adjustable or nonadjustable. The regulator may modulate outlet pressures automatically between its maximum and minimum predetermined outlet pressure settings.
Nonadjustable.
1. Spring type, nonadjustable. A regulator in which the regulating force acting upon the diaphragm is derived principally from a spring, the loading of which is not field adjustable.
2. Weight type. A regulator in which the regulating force acting upon the diaphragm is derived from a weight or combination of weights.
REGULATOR, LINE GAS PRESSURE. A device placed in a gas line between the service pressure regulator and the equipment for controlling, maintaining or reducing the pressure in that portion of the piping system downstream of the device.
REGULATOR, MEDIUM-PRESSURE (MP Regulator). A line pressure regulator that reduces gas pressure from the range of greater than 0.5 psig (3.4 kPa) and less than or equal to 5 psig (34.5 kPa) to a lower pressure.
REGULATOR, PRESSURE. A device placed in a gas line for reducing, controlling and maintaining the pressure in that portion of the piping system downstream of the device.
REGULATOR, SERVICE PRESSURE. A device installed by the serving gas supplier to reduce and limit the service line pressure to delivery pressure.
RELIEF OPENING. The opening provided in a draft hood to permit the ready escape to the atmosphere of the flue products from the draft hood in the event of no draft, back draft, or stoppage beyond the draft hood, and to permit air into the draft hood in the event of a strong chimney updraft.
RELIEF VALVE (DEVICE). A safety valve designed to forestall the development of a dangerous condition by relieving either pressure, temperature or vacuum in the hot water supply system.
RELIEF VALVE, PRESSURE. An automatic valve that opens and closes a relief vent, depending on whether the pressure is above or below a predetermined value.
RELIEF VALVE, TEMPERATURE.
Reseating or self-closing type. An automatic valve that opens and closes a relief vent, depending on whether the temperature is above or below a predetermined value.
Manual reset type. A valve that automatically opens a relief vent at a predetermined temperature and that must be manually returned to the closed position.
RELIEF VALVE, VACUUM. A valve that automatically opens and closes a vent for relieving a vacuum within the hot water supply system, depending on whether the vacuum is above or below a predetermined value.
RISER, GAS. A vertical pipe supplying fuel gas to a meter assembly or a pressure regulator.
ROOM HEATER, UNVENTED. See “Unvented room heater.”
ROOM HEATER, VENTED. A free-standing heating unit used for direct heating of the space in and adjacent to that in which the unit is located (see also “Vented room heater”).
ROOM LARGE IN COMPARISON WITH SIZE OF EQUIPMENT. Rooms having a volume equal to at least 12 times the total volume of a furnace or air-conditioning appliance and at least 16 times the total volume of a boiler. Total volume of the appliance is determined from exterior dimensions and is to include fan compartments and burner vestibules, when used. When the actual ceiling height of a room is greater than 8 feet (2438 mm), the volume of the room is figured on the basis of a ceiling height of 8 feet (2438 mm).
SAFETY SHUTOFF DEVICE. See “Flame safeguard.”
SHAFT. An enclosed space extending through one or more stories of a building, connecting vertical openings in successive floors, or floors and the roof.
SLEEPING UNIT. A room or space in which people sleep, which can also include permanent provisions for living, eating and either sanitation or kitchen facilities, but not both. Such rooms and spaces that are also part of a dwelling unit are not sleeping units.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY. As applied to gas, specific gravity is the ratio of the weight of a given volume to that of the same volume of air, both measured under the same condition.
STATIONARY FUEL CELL POWER PLANT. A self-contained package or factory-matched packages which constitute an automatically operated assembly of integrated systems for generating electrical energy and recoverable thermal energy that is permanently connected and fixed in place.
THERMOSTAT.
Electric switch type. A device that senses changes in temperature and controls electrically, by means of separate components, the flow of gas to the burner(s) to maintain selected temperatures.
Integral gas valve type. An automatic device, actuated by temperature changes, designed to control the gas supply to the burner(s) in order to maintain temperatures between predetermined limits, and in which the thermal actuating element is an integral part of the device.
1. Graduating thermostat. A thermostat in which the motion of the valve is approximately in direct proportion to the effective motion of the thermal element induced by temperature change.
2. Snap-acting thermostat. A thermostat in which the thermostatic valve travels instantly from the closed to the open position, and vice versa.
TRANSITION FITTINGS, PLASTIC TO STEEL. An adapter for joining plastic pipe to steel pipe. The purpose of this fitting is to provide a permanent, pressure-tight connection between two materials which cannot be joined directly one to another.
UNIT HEATER.
High-static pressure type. A self-contained, automatically controlled, vented appliance having integral means for circulation of air against 0.2 inch (15 mm H2O) or greater static pressure. Such appliance is equipped with provisions for attaching an outlet air duct and, where the appliance is for indoor installation remote from the space to be heated, is also equipped with provisions for attaching an inlet air duct.
Low-static pressure type. A self-contained, automatically controlled, vented appliance, intended for installation in the space to be heated without the use of ducts, having integral means for circulation of air. Such units are allowed to be equipped with louvers or face extensions made in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications.
UNLISTED BOILER. A boiler not listed by a nationally recognized testing agency.
UNVENTED ROOM HEATER. An unvented heating appliance designed for stationary installation and utilized to provide comfort heating. Such appliances provide radiant heat or convection heat by gravity or fan circulation directly from the heater and do not utilize ducts.
UTILITY GASES. Natural gas, manufactured gas, liquefied petroleum gas-air mixture or mixtures of any of these gases.
VALVE. A device used in piping to control the gas supply to any section of a system of piping or to an appliance.
Automatic. An automatic or semiautomatic device consisting essentially of a valve and operator that control the gas supply to the burner(s) during operation of an appliance. The operator shall be actuated by application of gas pressure on a flexible diaphragm, by electrical means, by mechanical means, or by other approved means.
Automatic gas shutoff. A valve used in conjunction with an automatic gas shutoff device to shut off the gas supply to a water-heating system. It shall be constructed integrally with the gas shutoff device or shall be a separate assembly.
Equipment shutoff. A valve located in the piping system, used to isolate individual equipment for purposes such as service or replacement.
Individual main burner. A valve that controls the gas supply to an individual main burner.
Main burner control. A valve that controls the gas supply to the main burner manifold.
Manual main gas-control. A manually operated valve in the gas line for the purpose of completely turning on or shutting off the gas supply to the appliance, except to pilot or pilots that are provided with independent shutoff.
Manual reset. An automatic shutoff valve installed in the gas supply piping and set to shut off when unsafe conditions occur. The device remains closed until manually reopened.
Service shutoff. A valve, installed by the serving gas supplier between the service meter or source of supply and the customer piping system, to shut off the entire piping system.
VENT. A pipe or other conduit composed of factory-made components, containing a passageway for conveying combustion products and air to the atmosphere, listed and labeled for use with a specific type or class of appliance.
Special gas vent. A vent listed and labeled for use with listed Category II, III and IV appliances.
Type B vent. A vent listed and labeled for use with appliances with draft hoods and other Category I appliances that are listed for use with Type B vents.
Type BW vent. A vent listed and labeled for use with wall furnaces.
Type L vent. A vent listed and labeled for use with appliances that are listed for use with Type L or Type B vents.
VENT CONNECTOR. See “Connector.”
VENT GASES. Products of combustion from appliances plus excess air plus dilution air in the vent connector, gas vent or chimney above the draft hood or draft regulator.
VENT PIPING
Breather. Piping run from a pressure-regulating device to the outdoors, designed to provide a reference to atmospheric pressure. If the device incorporates an integral pressure relief mechanism, a breather vent can also serve as a relief vent.
Relief. Piping run from a pressure-regulating or pressure-limiting device to the outdoors, designed to provide for the safe venting of gas in the event of excessive pressure in the gas piping system.
VENTED APPLIANCE CATEGORIES. Appliances that are categorized for the purpose of vent selection are classified into the following four categories:
Category I. An appliance that operates with a nonpositive vent static pressure and with a vent gas temperature that avoids excessive condensate production in the vent.
Category II. An appliance that operates with a nonpositive vent static pressure and with a vent gas temperature that is capable of causing excessive condensate production in the vent.
Category III. An appliance that operates with a positive vent static pressure and with a vent gas temperature that avoids excessive condensate production in the vent.
Category IV. An appliance that operates with a positive vent static pressure and with a vent gas temperature that is capable of causing excessive condensate production in the vent.
VENTED ROOM HEATER. A vented self-contained, free-standing, nonrecessed appliance for furnishing warm air to the space in which it is installed, directly from the heater without duct connections.
VENTED WALL FURNACE. A self-contained vented appliance complete with grilles or equivalent, designed for incorporation in or permanent attachment to the structure of a building, mobile home or travel trailer, and furnishing heated air circulated by gravity or by a fan directly into the space to be heated through openings in the casing. This definition shall exclude floor furnaces, unit heaters and central furnaces as herein defined.
VENTING SYSTEM. A continuous open passageway from the flue collar or draft hood of an appliance to the outside atmosphere for the purpose of removing flue or vent gases. A venting system is usually composed of a vent or a chimney and vent connector, if used, assembled to form the open passageway.
Mechanical draft venting system. A venting system designed to remove flue or vent gases by mechanical means, that consists of an induced draft portion under nonpositive static pressure or a forced draft portion under positive static pressure.
Forced-draft venting system. A portion of a venting system using a fan or other mechanical means to cause the removal of flue or vent gases under positive static vent pressure.
Induced draft venting system. A portion of a venting system using a fan or other mechanical means to cause the removal of flue or vent gases under nonpositive static vent pressure.
Natural draft venting system. A venting system designed to remove flue or vent gases under nonpositive static vent pressure entirely by natural draft.
WALL HEATER, UNVENTED-TYPE. A room heater of the type designed for insertion in or attachment to a wall or partition. Such heater does not incorporate concealed venting arrangements in its construction and discharges all products of combustion through the front into the room being heated.
WATER HEATER. Any heating appliance or equipment that heats potable water and supplies such water to the potable hot water distribution system.
All the zip codes we service
Zip Code / City / Area Code
33122 Air Mail Facility ( 305/786 )
32615 Alachua ( 386 )
32616 Alachua ( 386 )
32816 Alafaya ( 407/321/689 )
32820 Alafaya ( 407/321/689 )
32825 Alafaya ( 407/321/689 )
32826 Alafaya ( 407/321/689 )
32828 Alafaya ( 407/321/689 )
32831 Alafaya ( 407/321/689 )
32833 Alafaya ( 407/321/689 )
32834 Alafaya ( 407/321/689 )
32878 Alafaya ( 407/321/689 )
32420 Alford ( 850 )
32123 Allandale ( 386 )
32346 Alligator Point ( 850 )
32792 Aloma ( 407/321/689 )
32701 Altamonte Springs ( 407/321/689 )
32714 Altamonte Springs ( 407/321/689 )
32715 Altamonte Springs ( 407/321/689 )
32716 Altamonte Springs ( 407/321/689 )
32421 Altha ( 850 )
32702 Altoona ( 352 )
33820 Alturas ( 863 )
33920 Alva ( 239 )
32461 Alys Beach ( 850 )
32034 Amelia City ( 904 )
32034 Amelia Island ( 904 )
32035 Amelia Village ( 904 )
33336 American Express ( 954/754 )
33337 American Express ( 954/754 )
32885 Amsouth ( 407/321/689 )
32080 Anastasia Island ( 904 )
34216 Anna Maria ( 941 )
32617 Anthony ( 352 )
32320 Apalachicola ( 850 )
32329 Apalachicola ( 850 )
33572 Apollo Beach ( 813 )
32703 Apopka ( 407/321/689 )
32704 Apopka ( 407/321/689 )
32712 Apopka ( 407/321/689 )
34265 Arcadia ( 863 )
34266 Arcadia ( 863 )
34269 Arcadia ( 863 )
32618 Archer ( 352 )
32422 Argyle ( 850 )
34679 Aripeka ( 813 )
32033 Armstrong ( 904 )
34705 Astatula ( 352 )
32102 Astor ( 352 )
32233 Atlantic Bch ( 904 )
32224 Atlantic Beach ( 904 )
32233 Atlantic Beach ( 904 )
33462 Atlantis ( 561 )
33823 Auburndale ( 863 )
34142 Ave Maria ( 239 )
34143 Ave Maria ( 239 )
33160 Aventura ( 305/786 )
33180 Aventura ( 305/786 )
33280 Aventura ( 305/786 )
33825 Avon Park ( 863 )
33826 Avon Park ( 863 )
32807 Azalea Park ( 407/321/689 )
34211 B’TON ( 941 )
33827 Babson Park ( 863 )
32530 Bagdad ( 850 )
32531 Baker ( 850 )
33154 Bal Harbour ( 305/786 )
32234 Baldwin ( 904 )
33503 Balm ( 813 )
32105 Barberville ( 386 )
32976 Barefoot Bay ( 321 )
34134 Barefoot Bch ( 239 )
34134 Barefoot Beach ( 239 )
33161 Barry University ( 305/786 )
33830 Bartow ( 863 )
33831 Bartow ( 863 )
32423 Bascom ( 850 )
34972 Basinger ( 863 )
33154 Bay Harbor Island ( 305/786 )
33154 Bay Harbor Islands ( 305/786 )
32821 Bay Lake ( 407/321/689 )
33744 Bay Pines ( 727 )
34667 Bayonet Point ( 727 )
34207 Bayshore Gardens ( 941 )
32619 Bell ( 352 )
33430 Belle Glade ( 561 )
32809 Belle Isle ( 407/321/689 )
32812 Belle Isle ( 407/321/689 )
33756 Belleair ( 727 )
33785 Belleair Bch ( 727 )
33786 Belleair Bch ( 727 )
33785 Belleair Beach ( 727 )
33786 Belleair Beach ( 727 )
33770 Belleair Bluff ( 727 )
33770 Belleair Bluffs ( 727 )
33786 Belleair Shores ( 727 )
33786 Belleair Shrs ( 727 )
34420 Belleview ( 352 )
34421 Belleview ( 352 )
32526 Bellview ( 850 )
34464 Beverly Hills ( 352 )
34465 Beverly Hills ( 352 )
33043 Big Pine Key ( 305/786 )
33042 Big Torch Key ( 305/786 )
33161 Biscayne Park ( 305/786 )
33181 Biscayne Park ( 305/786 )
33261 Biscayne Park ( 305/786 )
32424 Blountstown ( 850 )
33921 Boca Grande ( 239 )
33427 Boca Raton ( 561 )
33428 Boca Raton ( 561 )
33429 Boca Raton ( 561 )
33431 Boca Raton ( 561 )
33432 Boca Raton ( 561 )
33433 Boca Raton ( 561 )
33434 Boca Raton ( 561 )
33464 Boca Raton ( 561 )
33481 Boca Raton ( 561 )
33486 Boca Raton ( 561 )
33487 Boca Raton ( 561 )
33488 Boca Raton ( 561 )
33496 Boca Raton ( 561 )
33497 Boca Raton ( 561 )
33498 Boca Raton ( 561 )
33499 Boca Raton ( 561 )
33922 Bokeelia ( 239 )
33326 Bonaventure ( 954/754 )
32425 Bonifay ( 850 )
34134 Bonita Beach ( 239 )
34133 Bonita Springs ( 239 )
34134 Bonita Springs ( 239 )
34135 Bonita Springs ( 239 )
34136 Bonita Springs ( 239 )
32007 Bostwick ( 386 )
33834 Bowling Green ( 863 )
33424 Boynton Beach ( 561 )
33425 Boynton Beach ( 561 )
33426 Boynton Beach ( 561 )
33435 Boynton Beach ( 561 )
33436 Boynton Beach ( 561 )
33437 Boynton Beach ( 561 )
33472 Boynton Beach ( 561 )
33473 Boynton Beach ( 561 )
33474 Boynton Beach ( 561 )
32064 Boys Ranch ( 386 )
34211 Brad ( 941 )
34201 Braden River ( 941 )
34203 Braden River ( 941 )
34204 Braden River ( 941 )
34211 Braden River ( 941 )
34201 Bradenton ( 941 )
34202 Bradenton ( 941 )
34203 Bradenton ( 941 )
34204 Bradenton ( 941 )
34205 Bradenton ( 941 )
34206 Bradenton ( 941 )
34207 Bradenton ( 941 )
34208 Bradenton ( 941 )
34209 Bradenton ( 941 )
34210 Bradenton ( 941 )
34211 Bradenton ( 941 )
34212 Bradenton ( 941 )
34280 Bradenton ( 941 )
34281 Bradenton ( 941 )
34282 Bradenton ( 941 )
34217 Bradenton Bch ( 941 )
34218 Bradenton Bch ( 941 )
34217 Bradenton Beach ( 941 )
34218 Bradenton Beach ( 941 )
34211 Bradington ( 941 )
33835 Bradley ( 863 )
33508 Brandon ( 813 )
33509 Brandon ( 813 )
33510 Brandon ( 813 )
33511 Brandon ( 813 )
32008 Branford ( 386 )
33231 Brickell ( 305/786 )
33435 Briny Breezes ( 561 )
32321 Bristol ( 850 )
32621 Bronson ( 352 )
32622 Brooker ( 352 )
34601 Brooksville ( 352 )
34602 Brooksville ( 352 )
34603 Brooksville ( 352 )
34604 Brooksville ( 352 )
34605 Brooksville ( 352 )
34606 Brooksville ( 352 )
34607 Brooksville ( 352 )
34608 Brooksville ( 352 )
34609 Brooksville ( 352 )
34610 Brooksville ( 352 )
34611 Brooksville ( 352 )
34613 Brooksville ( 352 )
34614 Brooksville ( 352 )
33388 Broward Mall ( 954/754 )
32455 Bruce ( 850 )
33438 Bryant ( 561 )
33439 Bryant ( 561 )
32009 Bryceville ( 904 )
34743 Buena Ventura Lakes ( 407/321/689 )
32110 Bunnell ( 386 )
33513 Bushnell ( 352 )
33633 Business Reply ( 813 )
34743 BVL ( 407/321/689 )
33158 C Gables ( 305/786 )
33234 C Gables ( 305/786 )
32011 Callahan ( 904 )
32404 Callaway ( 850 )
32426 Campbellton ( 850 )
33438 Canal Point ( 561 )
33439 Canal Point ( 561 )
32925 Canaveral Air Station ( 321 )
32925 Canaveral As ( 321 )
32111 Candler ( 352 )
32533 Cantonment ( 850 )
32920 Cape Canaveral ( 321 )
33904 Cape Coral ( 239 )
33909 Cape Coral ( 239 )
33910 Cape Coral ( 239 )
33914 Cape Coral ( 239 )
33915 Cape Coral ( 239 )
33990 Cape Coral ( 239 )
33991 Cape Coral ( 239 )
33993 Cape Coral ( 239 )
33910 Cape Coral S ( 239 )
33910 Cape Coral South ( 239 )
33946 Cape Haze ( 941 )
33947 Cape Haze ( 941 )
32456 Cape San Blas ( 850 )
33924 Captiva ( 239 )
33239 Carl Fisher ( 305/786 )
33055 Carol City ( 305/786 )
33056 Carol City ( 305/786 )
32322 Carrabelle ( 850 )
33618 Carrollwood ( 813 )
33625 Carrollwood ( 813 )
33688 Carrollwood ( 813 )
32425 Caryville ( 850 )
32427 Caryville ( 850 )
32706 Cassadaga ( 386 )
32707 Casselberry ( 407/321/689 )
32708 Casselberry ( 407/321/689 )
32718 Casselberry ( 407/321/689 )
32719 Casselberry ( 407/321/689 )
32730 Casselberry ( 407/321/689 )
32215 Cecil Field ( 904 )
34205 Cedar Hammock ( 941 )
32625 Cedar Key ( 352 )
34747 Celebration ( 407/321/689 )
33514 Center Hill ( 352 )
33514 Centerhill ( 352 )
32308 Centerville ( 850 )
32309 Centerville ( 850 )
32317 Centerville ( 850 )
32535 Century ( 850 )
33896 Champions Gate ( 863 )
33896 Champions GT ( 863 )
33029 Chapel Lakes ( 954/754 )
32324 Chattahoochee ( 850 )
32626 Chiefland ( 352 )
32644 Chiefland ( 352 )
32428 Chipley ( 850 )
32578 Choctaw Beach ( 850 )
34138 Chokoloskee ( 239 )
32709 Christmas ( 407/321/689 )
32766 Chuluota ( 407/321/689 )
32113 Citra ( 352 )
34442 Citrus Hills ( 352 )
32966 Citrus Ridge ( 772 )
32968 Citrus Ridge ( 772 )
32969 Citrus Ridge ( 772 )
34433 Citrus Springs ( 352 )
34434 Citrus Springs ( 352 )
32521 City of Pensacola ( 850 )
33313 City of Sunrise ( 954/754 )
33619 Clair Mel ( 813 )
33619 Clair Mel City ( 813 )
32710 Clarcona ( 407/321/689 )
32430 Clarksville ( 850 )
33755 Clearwater ( 727 )
33756 Clearwater ( 727 )
33757 Clearwater ( 727 )
33758 Clearwater ( 727 )
33759 Clearwater ( 727 )
33760 Clearwater ( 727 )
33761 Clearwater ( 727 )
33762 Clearwater ( 727 )
33763 Clearwater ( 727 )
33764 Clearwater ( 727 )
33765 Clearwater ( 727 )
33766 Clearwater ( 727 )
33767 Clearwater ( 727 )
33769 Clearwater ( 727 )
33767 Clearwater Beach ( 727 )
34711 Clermont ( 352 )
34712 Clermont ( 352 )
34713 Clermont ( 352 )
34714 Clermont ( 352 )
34715 Clermont ( 352 )
34713 Clermont South Branch Postal ( 352 )
34714 Clermont South Branch Postal ( 352 )
34715 Clermont South Branch Postal ( 352 )
33440 Clewiston ( 863 )
33406 Cloud Lake ( 561 )
34108 Coco River ( 239 )
32922 Cocoa ( 321 )
32923 Cocoa ( 321 )
32924 Cocoa ( 321 )
32926 Cocoa ( 321 )
32927 Cocoa ( 321 )
32931 Cocoa Beach ( 321 )
32932 Cocoa Beach ( 321 )
33063 Coconut Creek ( 954/754 )
33066 Coconut Creek ( 954/754 )
33073 Coconut Creek ( 954/754 )
33093 Coconut Creek ( 954/754 )
33097 Coconut Creek ( 954/754 )
33233 Coconut Gr ( 305/786 )
33133 Coconut Grove ( 305/786 )
33134 Coconut Grove ( 305/786 )
33146 Coconut Grove ( 305/786 )
33093 CoconutCreek ( 954/754 )
33521 Coleman ( 352 )
33001 Conch Key ( 305/786 )
33050 Conch Key ( 305/786 )
33024 Cooper City ( 954/754 )
33026 Cooper City ( 954/754 )
33328 Cooper City ( 954/754 )
33329 Cooper City ( 954/754 )
33330 Cooper City ( 954/754 )
34137 Copeland ( 239 )
33145 Coral ( 305/786 )
33114 Coral Gables ( 305/786 )
33124 Coral Gables ( 305/786 )
33133 Coral Gables ( 305/786 )
33134 Coral Gables ( 305/786 )
33143 Coral Gables ( 305/786 )
33144 Coral Gables ( 305/786 )
33145 Coral Gables ( 305/786 )
33146 Coral Gables ( 305/786 )
33156 Coral Gables ( 305/786 )
33158 Coral Gables ( 305/786 )
33234 Coral Gables ( 305/786 )
33158 Coral Gbls ( 305/786 )
33234 Coral Gbls ( 305/786 )
33065 Coral Springs ( 954/754 )
33067 Coral Springs ( 954/754 )
33071 Coral Springs ( 954/754 )
33073 Coral Springs ( 954/754 )
33075 Coral Springs ( 954/754 )
33076 Coral Springs ( 954/754 )
33077 Coral Springs ( 954/754 )
34215 Cortez ( 941 )
32431 Cottondale ( 850 )
33170 Country Lakes ( 305/786 )
33177 Country Lakes ( 305/786 )
33187 Country Lakes ( 305/786 )
32920 Cpe Canaveral ( 321 )
32326 Crawfordville ( 850 )
32327 Crawfordville ( 850 )
34242 Crescent Beach ( 941 )
32112 Crescent City ( 386 )
32531 Crestview ( 850 )
32536 Crestview ( 850 )
32539 Crestview ( 850 )
32628 Cross City ( 352 )
32640 Cross Creek ( 352 )
33037 Cross Key ( 305/786 )
33186 Crossings ( 305/786 )
34681 Crystal Beach ( 727 )
34423 Crystal River ( 352 )
34428 Crystal River ( 352 )
34429 Crystal River ( 352 )
33524 Crystal Springs ( 813 )
33042 Cudjoe Key ( 305/786 )
33157 Cutler Bay ( 305/786 )
33189 Cutler Bay ( 305/786 )
33190 Cutler Bay ( 305/786 )
33157 Cutler Ridge ( 305/786 )
33170 Cutler Ridge ( 305/786 )
33189 Cutler Ridge ( 305/786 )
33190 Cutler Ridge ( 305/786 )
32432 Cypress ( 850 )
33884 Cypress Gardens ( 863 )
33884 Cypress Gdns ( 863 )
33523 Dade City ( 352 )
33525 Dade City ( 352 )
33526 Dade City ( 352 )
33004 Dania ( 954/754 )
33312 Dania ( 954/754 )
33004 Dania Beach ( 954/754 )
33312 Dania Beach ( 954/754 )
33314 Dania Beach ( 954/754 )
33836 Davenport ( 863 )
33837 Davenport ( 863 )
33896 Davenport ( 863 )
33897 Davenport ( 863 )
33024 Davie ( 954/754 )
33312 Davie ( 954/754 )
33314 Davie ( 954/754 )
33317 Davie ( 954/754 )
33324 Davie ( 954/754 )
33325 Davie ( 954/754 )
33326 Davie ( 954/754 )
33328 Davie ( 954/754 )
33329 Davie ( 954/754 )
33330 Davie ( 954/754 )
33331 Davie ( 954/754 )
33332 Davie ( 954/754 )
33355 Davie ( 954/754 )
32013 Day ( 386 )
32116 Dayt Bch Sh ( 386 )
32118 Dayt Bch Sh ( 386 )
32114 Daytona Beach ( 386 )
32115 Daytona Beach ( 386 )
32116 Daytona Beach ( 386 )
32117 Daytona Beach ( 386 )
32118 Daytona Beach ( 386 )
32119 Daytona Beach ( 386 )
32120 Daytona Beach ( 386 )
32121 Daytona Beach ( 386 )
32122 Daytona Beach ( 386 )
32123 Daytona Beach ( 386 )
32124 Daytona Beach ( 386 )
32125 Daytona Beach ( 386 )
32126 Daytona Beach ( 386 )
32198 Daytona Beach ( 386 )
32116 Daytona Beach Shores ( 386 )
32118 Daytona Beach Shores ( 386 )
32130 De Leon Springs ( 386 )
32713 Debary ( 386 )
32753 Debary ( 407/321/689 )
32778 Deer Island ( 352 )
33441 Deerfield Bch ( 954/754 )
33442 Deerfield Bch ( 954/754 )
33443 Deerfield Bch ( 954/754 )
33064 Deerfield Beach ( 954/754 )
33069 Deerfield Beach ( 954/754 )
33073 Deerfield Beach ( 954/754 )
33441 Deerfield Beach ( 954/754 )
33442 Deerfield Beach ( 954/754 )
33443 Deerfield Beach ( 954/754 )
32433 Defuniak Springs ( 850 )
32435 Defuniak Springs ( 850 )
32720 Deland ( 386 )
32721 Deland ( 386 )
32722 Deland ( 386 )
32723 Deland ( 386 )
32724 Deland ( 386 )
33444 Delray Beach ( 561 )
33445 Delray Beach ( 561 )
33446 Delray Beach ( 561 )
33448 Delray Beach ( 561 )
33482 Delray Beach ( 561 )
33483 Delray Beach ( 561 )
33484 Delray Beach ( 561 )
32725 Deltona ( 407/321 )
32728 Deltona ( 407/321 )
32738 Deltona ( 407/321 )
32739 Deltona ( 407/321/689 )
32540 Destin ( 850 )
32541 Destin ( 850 )
32550 Destin ( 850 )
32542 Dfafs ( 850 )
32219 Dinsmore ( 904 )
32030 Doctors Inlet ( 904 )
32784 Dona Vista ( 352 )
33122 Doral ( 305/786 )
33126 Doral ( 305/786 )
33166 Doral ( 305/786 )
33172 Doral ( 305/786 )
33178 Doral ( 305/786 )
33182 Doral ( 305/786 )
33122 Doral Branch ( 305/786 )
33172 Doral Branch ( 305/786 )
33527 Dover ( 813 )
32060 Dowling Park ( 386 )
32064 Dowling Park ( 386 )
33147 Dr Martin Luther King Jr ( 305/786 )
33050 Duck Key ( 305/786 )
34219 Duette ( 941 )
32542 Duke Field AFS ( 850 )
33838 Dundee ( 863 )
34697 Dunedin ( 727 )
34698 Dunedin ( 727 )
34430 Dunnellon ( 352 )
34431 Dunnellon ( 352 )
34432 Dunnellon ( 352 )
34433 Dunnellon ( 352 )
34434 Dunnellon ( 352 )
33530 Durant ( 813 )
33839 Eagle Lake ( 863 )
32631 Earleton ( 352 )
33994 East Fort Myers ( 239 )
32131 East Palatka ( 386 )
32328 East Point ( 850 )
33040 East Rockland Key ( 305/786 )
33040 East Rockland Ky ( 305/786 )
32133 Eastlake Weir ( 352 )
32328 Eastpoint ( 850 )
32403 Eastside ( 850 )
32404 Eastside ( 850 )
33840 Eaton Park ( 863 )
32751 Eatonville ( 407/321/689 )
32934 Eau Gallie ( 321 )
32936 Eau Gallie ( 321 )
32437 Ebro ( 850 )
32149 Edgar ( 386 )
32132 Edgewater ( 386 )
32141 Edgewater ( 386 )
32809 Edgewood ( 407/321/689 )
32839 Edgewood ( 407/321/689 )
32559 Educ Dev Ctr Corresp ( 850 )
32542 Eglin ( 850 )
32542 Eglin AFB ( 850 )
33927 El Jobean ( 941 )
33138 El Portal ( 305/786 )
33150 El Portal ( 305/786 )
34680 Elfers ( 727 )
32542 Elgin ( 850 )
32542 Elgin AFB ( 850 )
32033 Elkton ( 904 )
34222 Ellenton ( 941 )
33880 Eloise ( 863 )
34223 Englewood ( 941 )
34224 Englewood ( 941 )
34295 Englewood ( 941 )
34223 Englewood Beach ( 941 )
32725 Enterprise ( 407/321 )
33928 Estero ( 239 )
33929 Estero ( 239 )
32425 Esto ( 850 )
32726 Eustis ( 352 )
32727 Eustis ( 352 )
32736 Eustis ( 352 )
34139 Everglades ( 239 )
33331 Everglades Br ( 954/754 )
33332 Everglades Br ( 954/754 )
34139 Everglades City ( 239 )
33030 Everglades National Park ( 305/786 )
32633 Evinston ( 352 )
33901 F M ( 239 )
32634 Fairfield ( 352 )
32693 Fanning Springs ( 352 )
33194 Father Felix Varela ( 305/786 )
33854 Fedhaven ( 863 )
33930 Felda ( 863 )
32948 Fellsmere ( 772 )
32730 Fern Park ( 407/321/689 )
32034 Fernandina ( 904 )
32035 Fernandina ( 904 )
32034 Fernandina Beach ( 904 )
32035 Fernandina Beach ( 904 )
34729 Ferndale ( 407/321/689 )
33001 Fiesta Key ( 305/786 )
33394 Financial Plaza ( 954/754 )
33109 Fisher Island ( 305/786 )
33139 Fisher Island ( 305/786 )
32035 Five Points Hamilton ( 904 )
32198 Fl Reg Lib Bl ( 386 )
32198 Fl Regional Library for Blin ( 386 )
32395 Fl State Lot ( 850 )
32313 Fl State University Student ( 850 )
32136 Flagler Beach ( 386 )
32143 Flagler Beach ( 386 )
33034 Flamingo Ldge ( 305/786 )
33034 Flamingo Lodge ( 305/786 )
32003 Fleming Island ( 904 )
32006 Fleming Island ( 904 )
32003 Fleming Isle ( 904 )
32006 Fleming Isle ( 904 )
32686 Flemington ( 352 )
33199 Flinternational University ( 305/786 )
32140 Florahome ( 386 )
34436 Floral City ( 352 )
33885 Florence Vill ( 863 )
33881 Florence Villa ( 863 )
33885 Florence Villa ( 863 )
32307 Florida A & M ( 850 )
32307 Florida A and M University ( 850 )
33034 Florida City ( 305/786 )
33035 Florida City ( 305/786 )
32026 Florida Dept of Corrections ( 386 )
33965 Florida Gulf Coast University ( 239 )
33199 Florida International University ( 305/786 )
33188 Florida Power & Light Co ( 305/786 )
32313 Florida State ( 850 )
32395 Florida State Lottery ( 850 )
32306 Florida State University ( 850 )
32313 Florida State University ( 850 )
32306 Florida State University Admin ( 850 )
33901 FMY ( 239 )
32714 Forest City ( 407/321/689 )
33952 Fort Charlotte ( 941 )
33935 Fort Denaud ( 863 )
33040 Fort Jefferson National Mon ( 305/786 )
33301 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33302 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33303 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33304 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33305 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33306 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33307 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33308 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33309 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33310 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33311 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33312 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33313 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33314 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33315 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33316 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33317 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33318 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33319 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33320 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33321 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33322 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33323 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33324 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33325 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33326 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33327 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33328 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33329 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33330 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33331 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33332 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33334 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33335 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33336 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33337 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33338 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33339 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33340 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33345 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33346 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33348 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33349 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33351 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33355 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33359 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33388 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33394 Fort Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
32134 Fort Mc Coy ( 352 )
33841 Fort Meade ( 863 )
33900 Fort Myers ( 239 )
33901 Fort Myers ( 239 )
33902 Fort Myers ( 239 )
33903 Fort Myers ( 239 )
33905 Fort Myers ( 239 )
33906 Fort Myers ( 239 )
33907 Fort Myers ( 239 )
33908 Fort Myers ( 239 )
33911 Fort Myers ( 239 )
33912 Fort Myers ( 239 )
33913 Fort Myers ( 239 )
33916 Fort Myers ( 239 )
33917 Fort Myers ( 239 )
33918 Fort Myers ( 239 )
33919 Fort Myers ( 239 )
33965 Fort Myers ( 239 )
33966 Fort Myers ( 239 )
33967 Fort Myers ( 239 )
33990 Fort Myers ( 239 )
33993 Fort Myers ( 239 )
33994 Fort Myers ( 239 )
33931 Fort Myers Bch ( 239 )
33932 Fort Myers Bch ( 239 )
33931 Fort Myers Beach ( 239 )
33932 Fort Myers Beach ( 239 )
34267 Fort Ogden ( 863 )
34945 Fort Pierce ( 772 )
34946 Fort Pierce ( 772 )
34947 Fort Pierce ( 772 )
34948 Fort Pierce ( 772 )
34949 Fort Pierce ( 772 )
34950 Fort Pierce ( 772 )
34951 Fort Pierce ( 772 )
34952 Fort Pierce ( 772 )
34953 Fort Pierce ( 772 )
34954 Fort Pierce ( 772 )
34979 Fort Pierce ( 772 )
34981 Fort Pierce ( 772 )
34982 Fort Pierce ( 772 )
34983 Fort Pierce ( 772 )
34984 Fort Pierce ( 772 )
34985 Fort Pierce ( 772 )
34986 Fort Pierce ( 772 )
34987 Fort Pierce ( 772 )
34988 Fort Pierce ( 772 )
32547 Fort Walton Bch ( 850 )
32548 Fort Walton Bch ( 850 )
32549 Fort Walton Bch ( 850 )
32547 Fort Walton Beach ( 850 )
32548 Fort Walton Beach ( 850 )
32549 Fort Walton Beach ( 850 )
32038 Fort White ( 386 )
32438 Fountain ( 850 )
32439 Freeport ( 850 )
33843 Frostproof ( 863 )
32259 Fruit Cove ( 904 )
34731 Fruitland Park ( 352 )
33158 Gables ( 305/786 )
33234 Gables ( 305/786 )
33156 Gables by the Sea ( 305/786 )
32601 Gainesville ( 352 )
32602 Gainesville ( 352 )
32603 Gainesville ( 352 )
32604 Gainesville ( 352 )
32605 Gainesville ( 352 )
32606 Gainesville ( 352 )
32607 Gainesville ( 352 )
32608 Gainesville ( 352 )
32609 Gainesville ( 352 )
32610 Gainesville ( 352 )
32611 Gainesville ( 352 )
32612 Gainesville ( 352 )
32613 Gainesville ( 352 )
32614 Gainesville ( 352 )
32627 Gainesville ( 352 )
32635 Gainesville ( 352 )
32641 Gainesville ( 352 )
32653 Gainesville ( 352 )
32896 GE Capital ( 407/321/689 )
32732 Geneva ( 407/321/689 )
32139 Georgetown ( 386 )
33805 Gibsonia ( 863 )
33534 Gibsonton ( 813 )
33406 Glen Ridge ( 561 )
32040 Glen Saint Mary ( 904 )
32040 Glen St Mary ( 904 )
32720 Glenwood ( 386 )
32722 Glenwood ( 386 )
33160 Golden Beach ( 305/786 )
34116 Golden Gate ( 239 )
33008 Golden Isles ( 954/754 )
33009 Golden Isles ( 954/754 )
33008 Golden Isles Postal Store ( 954/754 )
32733 Goldenrod ( 407/321/689 )
32560 Gonzalez ( 850 )
34746 Good Samaritan ( 407/321/689 )
34140 Goodland ( 239 )
34734 Gotha ( 407/321/689 )
33170 Goulds ( 305/786 )
32440 Graceville ( 850 )
32042 Graham ( 352 )
32735 Grand Island ( 352 )
32442 Grand Ridge ( 850 )
32413 Grande Pointe ( 850 )
32138 Grandin ( 386 )
32909 Grant ( 321 )
32949 Grant ( 321 )
32950 Grant ( 321 )
32909 Grant Valkaria ( 321 )
32949 Grant Valkaria ( 321 )
32950 Grant Valkaria ( 321 )
32909 Grant Vlkria ( 321 )
32949 Grant Vlkria ( 321 )
32950 Grant Vlkria ( 321 )
33050 Grassy Key ( 305/786 )
33413 Green Acres ( 561 )
33415 Green Acres ( 561 )
33454 Green Acres ( 561 )
33463 Green Acres ( 561 )
33467 Green Acres ( 561 )
32043 Green Cove Springs ( 904 )
32043 Green Cv Springs ( 904 )
33413 Greenacres ( 561 )
33415 Greenacres ( 561 )
33454 Greenacres ( 561 )
33463 Greenacres ( 561 )
33467 Greenacres ( 561 )
32330 Greensboro ( 850 )
32331 Greenville ( 850 )
32443 Greenwood ( 850 )
32332 Gretna ( 850 )
34224 Grove City ( 941 )
34736 Groveland ( 352 )
34737 Groveland ( 352 )
32561 Gulf Breeze ( 850 )
32562 Gulf Breeze ( 850 )
32563 Gulf Breeze ( 850 )
32566 Gulf Breeze ( 850 )
32639 Gulf Hammock ( 352 )
32520 Gulf Power ( 850 )
33483 Gulf Stream ( 561 )
33707 Gulfport ( 727 )
33711 Gulfport ( 727 )
33844 Haines City ( 863 )
33845 Haines City ( 863 )
34788 Haines Creek ( 352 )
33008 Hallandale ( 954/754 )
33009 Hallandale ( 954/754 )
33009 Hallandale Beach ( 954/754 )
33009 Halndle Bch ( 954/754 )
32044 Hampton ( 904 )
34773 Harmony ( 407/321/689 )
32919 Harris Corp ( 321 )
32919 Harris Corporation ( 321 )
32145 Hastings ( 904 )
32333 Havana ( 850 )
33409 Haverhill ( 561 )
33415 Haverhill ( 561 )
33417 Haverhill ( 561 )
33422 Haverhill ( 561 )
32640 Hawthorne ( 352 )
32887 HBJ ( 407/321/689 )
32746 Heathrow ( 407/321/689 )
34442 Hernando ( 352 )
34607 Hernando Bch ( 352 )
34607 Hernando Beach ( 352 )
33002 Hialeah ( 305/786 )
33010 Hialeah ( 305/786 )
33011 Hialeah ( 305/786 )
33012 Hialeah ( 305/786 )
33013 Hialeah ( 305/786 )
33014 Hialeah ( 305/786 )
33015 Hialeah ( 305/786 )
33016 Hialeah ( 305/786 )
33017 Hialeah ( 305/786 )
33018 Hialeah ( 305/786 )
33010 Hialeah Gardens ( 305/786 )
33016 Hialeah Gardens ( 305/786 )
33018 Hialeah Gardens ( 305/786 )
33016 Hialeah Gdns ( 305/786 )
33018 Hialeah Gdns ( 305/786 )
33014 Hialeah Lakes ( 305/786 )
33015 Hialeah Lakes ( 305/786 )
32818 Hiawassee ( 407/321/689 )
32643 High Springs ( 386 )
32655 High Springs ( 386 )
33487 Highland Bch ( 561 )
33487 Highland Beach ( 561 )
33846 Highland City ( 863 )
33081 Hillcrest ( 954/754 )
32046 Hilliard ( 904 )
33062 Hillsboro Bch ( 954/754 )
33062 Hillsboro Beach ( 954/754 )
33455 Hobe Sound ( 772 )
33475 Hobe Sound ( 772 )
34445 Holder ( 352 )
34690 Holiday ( 727 )
34691 Holiday ( 727 )
34692 Holiday ( 727 )
32147 Hollister ( 386 )
32117 Holly Hill ( 386 )
32125 Holly Hill ( 386 )
33019 Hollywood ( 954/754 )
33020 Hollywood ( 954/754 )
33021 Hollywood ( 954/754 )
33022 Hollywood ( 954/754 )
33023 Hollywood ( 954/754 )
33024 Hollywood ( 954/754 )
33025 Hollywood ( 954/754 )
33026 Hollywood ( 954/754 )
33027 Hollywood ( 954/754 )
33028 Hollywood ( 954/754 )
33029 Hollywood ( 954/754 )
33081 Hollywood ( 954/754 )
33082 Hollywood ( 954/754 )
33083 Hollywood ( 954/754 )
33084 Hollywood ( 954/754 )
33312 Hollywood ( 954/754 )
33314 Hollywood ( 954/754 )
33316 Hollywood ( 954/754 )
33332 Hollywood ( 954/754 )
34217 Holmes Beach ( 941 )
34218 Holmes Beach ( 941 )
32564 Holt ( 850 )
33729 Home Shopping ( 727 )
33650 Home Shopping Club ( 813 )
33847 Homeland ( 863 )
33030 Homestead ( 305/786 )
33031 Homestead ( 305/786 )
33032 Homestead ( 305/786 )
33033 Homestead ( 305/786 )
33034 Homestead ( 305/786 )
33035 Homestead ( 305/786 )
33039 Homestead ( 305/786 )
33090 Homestead ( 305/786 )
33092 Homestead ( 305/786 )
33039 Homestead AFB ( 305/786 )
33039 Homestead Air Force Base ( 305/786 )
34446 Homosassa ( 352 )
34448 Homosassa ( 352 )
34487 Homosassa ( 352 )
34447 Homosassa Springs ( 352 )
32648 Horseshoe Bch ( 352 )
32648 Horseshoe Beach ( 352 )
32334 Hosford ( 850 )
32887 Houghton Mifflin Harcourt ( 407/321/689 )
34737 Howey In Hls ( 352 )
34797 Howey In Hls ( 352 )
34737 Howey in the Hills ( 352 )
34797 Howey in the Hills ( 352 )
34667 Hudson ( 727 )
34669 Hudson ( 727 )
34674 Hudson ( 727 )
32544 Hurlburt Field ( 850 )
34949 Hutchinson Island ( 772 )
33462 Hypoluxo ( 561 )
34142 Immokalee ( 239 )
34143 Immokalee ( 239 )
33154 Ind Crk Village ( 305/786 )
32937 Ind Hbr Bch ( 321 )
32903 Indialantic ( 321 )
33154 Indian Creek ( 305/786 )
33154 Indian Creek Village ( 305/786 )
32937 Indian Harbour Beach ( 321 )
33855 Indian Lake Estates ( 863 )
33855 Indian Lk Est ( 863 )
32963 Indian River Shores ( 772 )
33785 Indian Rk Bch ( 727 )
33786 Indian Rk Bch ( 727 )
33785 Indian Rks Beach ( 727 )
33786 Indian Rks Beach ( 727 )
33785 Indian Rocks Beach ( 727 )
33786 Indian Rocks Beach ( 727 )
33785 Indian Shores ( 727 )
34956 Indiantown ( 772 )
32937 Indn Hbr Bch ( 321 )
32963 Indn Riv Shrs ( 772 )
34223 Inglewood ( 941 )
34224 Inglewood ( 941 )
34295 Inglewood ( 941 )
34449 Inglis ( 352 )
32413 Inlet Beach ( 850 )
33848 Intercession City ( 407/321/689 )
32907 Interchange Square ( 321 )
32148 Interlachen ( 386 )
32149 Interlachen ( 386 )
33112 International Service Center ( 305/786 )
33848 Intrcsion City ( 407/321/689 )
34450 Inverness ( 352 )
34451 Inverness ( 352 )
34452 Inverness ( 352 )
34453 Inverness ( 352 )
33319 Inverrary ( 954/754 )
32686 Irvine ( 352 )
33036 Islamorada ( 305/786 )
33070 Islamorada ( 305/786 )
32654 Island Grove ( 352 )
34636 Istachatta ( 352 )
32099 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32201 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32202 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32203 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32204 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32205 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32206 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32207 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32208 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32209 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32210 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32211 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32212 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32214 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32215 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32216 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32217 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32218 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32219 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32220 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32221 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32222 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32223 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32224 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32225 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32226 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32227 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32228 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32229 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32230 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32231 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32232 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32233 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32234 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32235 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32236 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32237 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32238 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32239 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32240 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32241 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32244 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32245 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32246 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32247 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32250 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32254 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32255 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32256 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32257 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32258 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32259 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32260 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32266 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32277 Jacksonville ( 904 )
32227 Jacksonville Beach ( 904 )
32240 Jacksonville Beach ( 904 )
32250 Jacksonville Beach ( 904 )
32212 Jacksonville N A S ( 904 )
32212 Jacksonville Naval Air Stati ( 904 )
32214 Jacksonville Naval Hospital ( 904 )
32431 Jacob ( 850 )
32052 Jasper ( 386 )
32201 JAX ( 904 )
32202 JAX ( 904 )
32203 JAX ( 904 )
32204 JAX ( 904 )
32205 JAX ( 904 )
32206 JAX ( 904 )
32207 JAX ( 904 )
32208 JAX ( 904 )
32209 JAX ( 904 )
32210 JAX ( 904 )
32211 JAX ( 904 )
32212 JAX ( 904 )
32214 JAX ( 904 )
32215 JAX ( 904 )
32216 JAX ( 904 )
32217 JAX ( 904 )
32218 JAX ( 904 )
32219 JAX ( 904 )
32220 JAX ( 904 )
32221 JAX ( 904 )
32222 JAX ( 904 )
32223 JAX ( 904 )
32224 JAX ( 904 )
32225 JAX ( 904 )
32226 JAX ( 904 )
32227 JAX ( 904 )
32228 JAX ( 904 )
32229 JAX ( 904 )
32230 JAX ( 904 )
32231 JAX ( 904 )
32232 JAX ( 904 )
32233 JAX ( 904 )
32234 JAX ( 904 )
32235 JAX ( 904 )
32236 JAX ( 904 )
32237 JAX ( 904 )
32238 JAX ( 904 )
32239 JAX ( 904 )
32240 JAX ( 904 )
32241 JAX ( 904 )
32244 JAX ( 904 )
32245 JAX ( 904 )
32246 JAX ( 904 )
32247 JAX ( 904 )
32250 JAX ( 904 )
32254 JAX ( 904 )
32255 JAX ( 904 )
32256 JAX ( 904 )
32257 JAX ( 904 )
32258 JAX ( 904 )
32259 JAX ( 904 )
32260 JAX ( 904 )
32266 JAX ( 904 )
32277 JAX ( 904 )
32227 JAX Bch ( 904 )
32240 JAX Bch ( 904 )
32250 JAX Bch ( 904 )
32250 JAX Beach ( 904 )
32212 JAX Naval AIR ( 904 )
32214 JAX Naval Hos ( 904 )
32565 Jay ( 850 )
32359 Jena ( 352 )
32053 Jennings ( 386 )
34957 Jensen Beach ( 772 )
34958 Jensen Beach ( 772 )
34141 Jerome ( 239 )
33708 Johns Pass ( 727 )
32669 Jonesville ( 352 )
33880 JPV ( 863 )
32259 Julington Creek ( 904 )
32259 Julington Crk ( 904 )
33408 Juno Beach ( 561 )
33458 Jupiter ( 561 )
33468 Jupiter ( 561 )
33469 Jupiter ( 561 )
33477 Jupiter ( 561 )
33478 Jupiter ( 561 )
33469 Jupiter Inlet ( 561 )
33469 Jupiter Inlet Colony ( 561 )
33849 Kathleen ( 863 )
34739 Kenansville ( 407/321/689 )
33156 Kendall ( 305/786 )
33158 Kendall ( 305/786 )
33173 Kendall ( 305/786 )
33176 Kendall ( 305/786 )
33183 Kendall ( 305/786 )
33186 Kendall ( 305/786 )
33193 Kendall ( 305/786 )
33196 Kendall ( 305/786 )
33256 Kendall ( 305/786 )
33283 Kendall ( 305/786 )
33296 Kendall ( 305/786 )
32815 Kennedy Sp Ct ( 321 )
32899 Kennedy Sp Ct ( 321 )
32815 Kennedy Space Center ( 321 )
32899 Kennedy Space Center ( 321 )
33709 Kenneth City ( 727 )
33149 Key Biscayne ( 305/786 )
33051 Key Col Bch ( 305/786 )
33051 Key Colony Beach ( 305/786 )
33037 Key Largo ( 305/786 )
33040 Key West ( 305/786 )
33041 Key West ( 305/786 )
33045 Key West ( 305/786 )
33040 Key West Nas ( 305/786 )
33040 Key West Naval Air Station ( 305/786 )
32656 Keystone Heights ( 352 )
32656 Keystone Hgts ( 352 )
33261 Keystone Islands ( 305/786 )
34740 Killarney ( 407/321/689 )
32449 Kinard ( 850 )
32091 Kingsley Lake ( 904 )
34741 Kissimmee ( 407/321/689 )
34742 Kissimmee ( 407/321/689 )
34743 Kissimmee ( 407/321/689 )
34744 Kissimmee ( 407/321/689 )
34745 Kissimmee ( 407/321/689 )
34746 Kissimmee ( 407/321/689 )
34747 Kissimmee ( 407/321/689 )
34758 Kissimmee ( 407/321/689 )
34759 Kissimmee ( 863 )
32091 Kngsly Lake ( 904 )
33041 Ky Wst ( 305/786 )
33935 La Belle ( 863 )
32658 La Crosse ( 386 )
33935 Labelle ( 863 )
33975 Labelle ( 863 )
33537 Lacoochee ( 352 )
32158 Lady Lake ( 352 )
32159 Lady Lake ( 352 )
32162 Lady Lake ( 352 )
32163 Lady Lake ( 352 )
33850 Lake Alfred ( 863 )
32830 Lake Buena Vis ( 407/321/689 )
32830 Lake Buena Vista ( 407/321/689 )
32054 Lake Butler ( 386 )
32061 Lake Butler ( 386 )
32024 Lake City ( 386 )
32025 Lake City ( 386 )
32055 Lake City ( 386 )
32056 Lake City ( 386 )
33406 Lake Clarke ( 561 )
33406 Lake Clarke Shores ( 561 )
32157 Lake Como ( 386 )
32160 Lake Geneva ( 352 )
33851 Lake Hamilton ( 863 )
33459 Lake Harbor ( 561 )
32744 Lake Helen ( 386 )
32746 Lake Mary ( 407/321/689 )
32795 Lake Mary ( 407/321/689 )
32747 Lake Monroe ( 407/321/689 )
33538 Lake Panasoffke ( 352 )
33538 Lake Panasoffkee ( 352 )
33403 Lake Park ( 561 )
33852 Lake Placid ( 863 )
33862 Lake Placid ( 863 )
34266 Lake Suzy ( 863 )
34269 Lake Suzy ( 863 )
33853 Lake Wales ( 863 )
33854 Lake Wales ( 863 )
33855 Lake Wales ( 863 )
33856 Lake Wales ( 863 )
33859 Lake Wales ( 863 )
33867 Lake Wales ( 863 )
33898 Lake Wales ( 863 )
33449 Lake Worth ( 561 )
33454 Lake Worth ( 561 )
33460 Lake Worth ( 561 )
33461 Lake Worth ( 561 )
33462 Lake Worth ( 561 )
33463 Lake Worth ( 561 )
33465 Lake Worth ( 561 )
33466 Lake Worth ( 561 )
33467 Lake Worth ( 561 )
33801 Lakeland ( 863 )
33802 Lakeland ( 863 )
33803 Lakeland ( 863 )
33804 Lakeland ( 863 )
33805 Lakeland ( 863 )
33806 Lakeland ( 863 )
33807 Lakeland ( 863 )
33809 Lakeland ( 863 )
33810 Lakeland ( 863 )
33811 Lakeland ( 863 )
33812 Lakeland ( 863 )
33813 Lakeland ( 863 )
33815 Lakeland ( 863 )
33854 Lakeshore ( 863 )
34202 Lakewood Ranch ( 941 )
34203 Lakewood Ranch ( 941 )
34211 Lakewood Ranch ( 941 )
34212 Lakewood Ranch ( 941 )
34240 Lakewood Ranch ( 941 )
34202 Lakewood Rch ( 941 )
34203 Lakewood Rch ( 941 )
34211 Lakewood Rch ( 941 )
34212 Lakewood Rch ( 941 )
34240 Lakewood Rch ( 941 )
32336 Lamont ( 850 )
32323 Lanark Village ( 850 )
34637 Land O Lakes ( 813 )
34638 Land O Lakes ( 813 )
34639 Land O Lakes ( 813 )
34639 Land O’ Lakes ( 813 )
33460 Lantana ( 561 )
33462 Lantana ( 561 )
33465 Lantana ( 561 )
33770 Largo ( 727 )
33771 Largo ( 727 )
33772 Largo ( 727 )
33773 Largo ( 727 )
33774 Largo ( 727 )
33775 Largo ( 727 )
33776 Largo ( 727 )
33777 Largo ( 727 )
33778 Largo ( 727 )
33779 Largo ( 727 )
33308 Laud By Sea ( 954/754 )
33062 Laud By The Sea ( 954/754 )
33309 Laud Lakes ( 954/754 )
33311 Laud Lakes ( 954/754 )
33313 Laud Lakes ( 954/754 )
33319 Laud Lakes ( 954/754 )
33330 Laud Lakes ( 954/754 )
33319 Lauder Hill ( 954/754 )
33321 Lauder Hill ( 954/754 )
33062 Lauderdale by the Sea ( 954/754 )
33308 Lauderdale by the Sea ( 954/754 )
33312 Lauderdale Isles ( 954/754 )
33309 Lauderdale Lakes ( 954/754 )
33311 Lauderdale Lakes ( 954/754 )
33313 Lauderdale Lakes ( 954/754 )
33319 Lauderdale Lakes ( 954/754 )
33311 Lauderhill ( 954/754 )
33313 Lauderhill ( 954/754 )
33319 Lauderhill ( 954/754 )
33321 Lauderhill ( 954/754 )
33351 Lauderhill ( 954/754 )
34272 Laurel ( 941 )
32567 Laurel Hill ( 850 )
32058 Lawtey ( 904 )
33001 Layton ( 305/786 )
33305 Lazy Lake ( 954/754 )
33313 Ldhl ( 954/754 )
33319 Ldhl ( 954/754 )
33321 Ldhl ( 954/754 )
34460 Lecanto ( 352 )
34461 Lecanto ( 352 )
32059 Lee ( 850 )
33973 Leehigh ( 239 )
33974 Leehigh ( 239 )
33976 Leehigh ( 239 )
33973 Leehigh Acres ( 239 )
33974 Leehigh Acres ( 239 )
33976 Leehigh Acres ( 239 )
34748 Leesburg ( 352 )
34749 Leesburg ( 352 )
34788 Leesburg ( 352 )
34789 Leesburg ( 352 )
33936 Lehigh ( 239 )
33971 Lehigh ( 239 )
33972 Lehigh ( 239 )
33973 Lehigh ( 239 )
33974 Lehigh ( 239 )
33976 Lehigh ( 239 )
33936 Lehigh Acres ( 239 )
33970 Lehigh Acres ( 239 )
33971 Lehigh Acres ( 239 )
33972 Lehigh Acres ( 239 )
33973 Lehigh Acres ( 239 )
33974 Lehigh Acres ( 239 )
33976 Lehigh Acres ( 239 )
33030 Leisure City ( 305/786 )
33033 Leisure City ( 305/786 )
33064 Lghthse Point ( 954/754 )
33074 Lghthse Point ( 954/754 )
33064 Lighthouse Point ( 954/754 )
33074 Lighthouse Point ( 954/754 )
33547 Lithia ( 813 )
33042 Little Torch Key ( 305/786 )
32060 Live Oak ( 386 )
32064 Live Oak ( 386 )
32337 Lloyd ( 850 )
32662 Lochloosa ( 352 )
32810 Lockhart ( 407/321/689 )
34228 Long Boat Key ( 941 )
33001 Long Key ( 305/786 )
34228 Longboat Key ( 941 )
32750 Longwood ( 407/321/689 )
32752 Longwood ( 407/321/689 )
32779 Longwood ( 407/321/689 )
32791 Longwood ( 407/321/689 )
33857 Lorida ( 863 )
33858 Loughman ( 863 )
32663 Lowell ( 352 )
33036 Lower Matecumbe Key ( 305/786 )
33042 Lower Sugarloaf Key ( 305/786 )
33470 Loxahatchee ( 561 )
33470 Loxahatchee Groves ( 561 )
33255 Ludlam ( 305/786 )
32061 Lulu ( 386 )
33548 Lutz ( 813 )
33549 Lutz ( 813 )
33558 Lutz ( 813 )
33559 Lutz ( 813 )
33042 Lwr Sugarloaf ( 305/786 )
33470 Lxhtchee Groves ( 561 )
32444 Lynn Haven ( 850 )
32063 Macclenny ( 904 )
33608 Macdill AFB ( 813 )
33708 Madeira Beach ( 727 )
33738 Madeira Beach ( 727 )
32340 Madison ( 850 )
32341 Madison ( 850 )
34771 Magnolia Sq ( 407/321/689 )
34771 Magnolia Square ( 407/321/689 )
32751 Maitland ( 407/321/689 )
32794 Maitland ( 407/321/689 )
32950 Malabar ( 321 )
32445 Malone ( 850 )
33462 Manalapan ( 561 )
34260 Manasota ( 941 )
33550 Mango ( 813 )
33407 Mangonia Park ( 561 )
33050 Marathon ( 305/786 )
33051 Marathon ( 305/786 )
33052 Marathon ( 305/786 )
33050 Marathon Shores ( 305/786 )
33052 Marathon Shores ( 305/786 )
33050 Marathon Shrs ( 305/786 )
33052 Marathon Shrs ( 305/786 )
34145 Marco Island ( 239 )
34146 Marco Island ( 239 )
33063 Margate ( 954/754 )
33065 Margate ( 954/754 )
33068 Margate ( 954/754 )
33073 Margate ( 954/754 )
33076 Margate ( 954/754 )
33093 Margate ( 954/754 )
32446 Marianna ( 850 )
32447 Marianna ( 850 )
32448 Marianna ( 850 )
34471 Maricamp ( 352 )
34472 Maricamp ( 352 )
34480 Maricamp ( 352 )
32569 Mary Esther ( 850 )
34604 Masaryktown ( 352 )
34753 Mascotte ( 352 )
33036 Matecumbe Key ( 305/786 )
33993 Matlacha ( 239 )
33991 Matlacha Isle ( 239 )
33991 Matlacha Isles ( 239 )
32234 Maxville ( 904 )
32066 Mayo ( 386 )
32227 Mayport ( 904 )
32228 Mayport ( 904 )
32233 Mayport ( 904 )
32228 Mayport Nav S ( 904 )
32228 Mayport Nav Station ( 904 )
32227 Mayport Naval Housing ( 904 )
32228 Mayport Naval Station ( 904 )
32227 Maypt Nav Hou ( 904 )
32062 Mc Alpin ( 386 )
32568 Mc David ( 850 )
32664 Mc Intosh ( 352 )
32062 McAlpin ( 386 )
32664 McIntosh ( 352 )
33166 Medley ( 305/786 )
33178 Medley ( 305/786 )
32901 Melbourne ( 321 )
32902 Melbourne ( 321 )
32903 Melbourne ( 321 )
32904 Melbourne ( 321 )
32905 Melbourne ( 321 )
32906 Melbourne ( 321 )
32907 Melbourne ( 321 )
32908 Melbourne ( 321 )
32909 Melbourne ( 321 )
32910 Melbourne ( 321 )
32911 Melbourne ( 321 )
32912 Melbourne ( 321 )
32919 Melbourne ( 321 )
32934 Melbourne ( 321 )
32935 Melbourne ( 321 )
32936 Melbourne ( 321 )
32937 Melbourne ( 321 )
32940 Melbourne ( 321 )
32941 Melbourne ( 321 )
32951 Melbourne ( 321 )
32951 Melbourne Bch ( 321 )
32951 Melbourne Beach ( 321 )
32904 Melbourne Village ( 321 )
32666 Melrose ( 352 )
33312 Melrose Vista ( 954/754 )
32952 Merritt Island ( 321 )
32953 Merritt Island ( 321 )
32954 Merritt Island ( 321 )
32410 Mexico Beach ( 850 )
32456 Mexico Beach ( 850 )
33162 Mia Shores ( 305/786 )
33162 Mia Shrs ( 305/786 )
33010 Miami ( 305/786 )
33011 Miami ( 305/786 )
33012 Miami ( 305/786 )
33013 Miami ( 305/786 )
33014 Miami ( 305/786 )
33015 Miami ( 305/786 )
33016 Miami ( 305/786 )
33017 Miami ( 305/786 )
33018 Miami ( 305/786 )
33054 Miami ( 305/786 )
33055 Miami ( 305/786 )
33056 Miami ( 305/786 )
33101 Miami ( 305/786 )
33102 Miami ( 305/786 )
33109 Miami ( 305/786 )
33111 Miami ( 305/786 )
33112 Miami ( 305/786 )
33114 Miami ( 305/786 )
33116 Miami ( 305/786 )
33119 Miami ( 305/786 )
33122 Miami ( 305/786 )
33124 Miami ( 305/786 )
33125 Miami ( 305/786 )
33126 Miami ( 305/786 )
33127 Miami ( 305/786 )
33128 Miami ( 305/786 )
33129 Miami ( 305/786 )
33130 Miami ( 305/786 )
33131 Miami ( 305/786 )
33132 Miami ( 305/786 )
33133 Miami ( 305/786 )
33134 Miami ( 305/786 )
33135 Miami ( 305/786 )
33136 Miami ( 305/786 )
33137 Miami ( 305/786 )
33138 Miami ( 305/786 )
33139 Miami ( 305/786 )
33140 Miami ( 305/786 )
33141 Miami ( 305/786 )
33142 Miami ( 305/786 )
33143 Miami ( 305/786 )
33144 Miami ( 305/786 )
33145 Miami ( 305/786 )
33146 Miami ( 305/786 )
33147 Miami ( 305/786 )
33149 Miami ( 305/786 )
33150 Miami ( 305/786 )
33151 Miami ( 305/786 )
33152 Miami ( 305/786 )
33153 Miami ( 305/786 )
33154 Miami ( 305/786 )
33155 Miami ( 305/786 )
33156 Miami ( 305/786 )
33157 Miami ( 305/786 )
33158 Miami ( 305/786 )
33159 Miami ( 305/786 )
33160 Miami ( 305/786 )
33161 Miami ( 305/786 )
33162 Miami ( 305/786 )
33163 Miami ( 305/786 )
33164 Miami ( 305/786 )
33165 Miami ( 305/786 )
33166 Miami ( 305/786 )
33167 Miami ( 305/786 )
33168 Miami ( 305/786 )
33169 Miami ( 305/786 )
33170 Miami ( 305/786 )
33172 Miami ( 305/786 )
33173 Miami ( 305/786 )
33174 Miami ( 305/786 )
33175 Miami ( 305/786 )
33176 Miami ( 305/786 )
33177 Miami ( 305/786 )
33178 Miami ( 305/786 )
33179 Miami ( 305/786 )
33180 Miami ( 305/786 )
33181 Miami ( 305/786 )
33182 Miami ( 305/786 )
33183 Miami ( 305/786 )
33184 Miami ( 305/786 )
33185 Miami ( 305/786 )
33186 Miami ( 305/786 )
33187 Miami ( 305/786 )
33188 Miami ( 305/786 )
33189 Miami ( 305/786 )
33190 Miami ( 305/786 )
33193 Miami ( 305/786 )
33194 Miami ( 305/786 )
33196 Miami ( 305/786 )
33197 Miami ( 305/786 )
33199 Miami ( 305/786 )
33222 Miami ( 305/786 )
33231 Miami ( 305/786 )
33233 Miami ( 305/786 )
33234 Miami ( 305/786 )
33238 Miami ( 305/786 )
33239 Miami ( 305/786 )
33242 Miami ( 305/786 )
33243 Miami ( 305/786 )
33245 Miami ( 305/786 )
33247 Miami ( 305/786 )
33255 Miami ( 305/786 )
33256 Miami ( 305/786 )
33257 Miami ( 305/786 )
33261 Miami ( 305/786 )
33265 Miami ( 305/786 )
33266 Miami ( 305/786 )
33269 Miami ( 305/786 )
33280 Miami ( 305/786 )
33283 Miami ( 305/786 )
33296 Miami ( 305/786 )
33299 Miami ( 305/786 )
33109 Miami Beach ( 305/786 )
33119 Miami Beach ( 305/786 )
33139 Miami Beach ( 305/786 )
33140 Miami Beach ( 305/786 )
33141 Miami Beach ( 305/786 )
33154 Miami Beach ( 305/786 )
33239 Miami Beach ( 305/786 )
33014 Miami Gardens ( 305/786 )
33015 Miami Gardens ( 305/786 )
33017 Miami Gardens ( 305/786 )
33054 Miami Gardens ( 305/786 )
33055 Miami Gardens ( 305/786 )
33056 Miami Gardens ( 305/786 )
33169 Miami Gardens ( 305/786 )
33179 Miami Gardens ( 305/786 )
33014 Miami Lakes ( 305/786 )
33015 Miami Lakes ( 305/786 )
33016 Miami Lakes ( 305/786 )
33018 Miami Lakes ( 305/786 )
33138 Miami Shores ( 305/786 )
33150 Miami Shores ( 305/786 )
33153 Miami Shores ( 305/786 )
33161 Miami Shores ( 305/786 )
33162 Miami Shores ( 305/786 )
33167 Miami Shores ( 305/786 )
33168 Miami Shores ( 305/786 )
33166 Miami Springs ( 305/786 )
33266 Miami Springs ( 305/786 )
32667 Micanopy ( 352 )
32976 Micco ( 321 )
32309 Miccosukee ( 850 )
32745 Mid Florida ( 407/321/689 )
32799 Mid Florida ( 407/321/689 )
33042 Mid Torch Key ( 305/786 )
33042 Middle Torch Key ( 305/786 )
32050 Middleburg ( 904 )
32068 Middleburg ( 904 )
32343 Midway ( 850 )
33166 Milam Dairy ( 305/786 )
32537 Milligan ( 850 )
32570 Milton ( 850 )
32571 Milton ( 850 )
32572 Milton ( 850 )
32583 Milton ( 850 )
32754 Mims ( 321 )
34715 Minneola ( 352 )
34755 Minneola ( 352 )
33023 Miramar ( 954/754 )
33025 Miramar ( 954/754 )
33027 Miramar ( 954/754 )
33028 Miramar ( 954/754 )
33029 Miramar ( 954/754 )
33083 Miramar ( 954/754 )
32550 Miramar Beach ( 850 )
33913 Miromar Lakes ( 239 )
33030 Modello ( 305/786 )
32577 Molino ( 850 )
32344 Monticello ( 850 )
32345 Monticello ( 850 )
34729 Montverde ( 407/321/689 )
34756 Montverde ( 407/321/689 )
33471 Moore Haven ( 863 )
33183 Morales Discount Pharmacy ( 305/786 )
32668 Morriston ( 352 )
32434 Mossy Head ( 850 )
32756 Mount Dora ( 352 )
32757 Mount Dora ( 352 )
32352 Mount Pleasant ( 850 )
32776 Mount Plymouth ( 352 )
33860 Mulberry ( 863 )
33040 Munson Island ( 305/786 )
33938 Murdock ( 941 )
34251 Myakka City ( 941 )
33856 Nalcrest ( 863 )
34101 Naples ( 239 )
34102 Naples ( 239 )
34103 Naples ( 239 )
34104 Naples ( 239 )
34105 Naples ( 239 )
34106 Naples ( 239 )
34107 Naples ( 239 )
34108 Naples ( 239 )
34109 Naples ( 239 )
34110 Naples ( 239 )
34112 Naples ( 239 )
34113 Naples ( 239 )
34114 Naples ( 239 )
34116 Naples ( 239 )
34117 Naples ( 239 )
34119 Naples ( 239 )
34120 Naples ( 239 )
33032 Naranja ( 305/786 )
33033 Naranja ( 305/786 )
33092 Naranja ( 305/786 )
32212 Nas Jacksonvle ( 904 )
32212 Nas Jax ( 904 )
33655 Nations Bank ( 813 )
33040 Naval Air Station Unit 2 ( 305/786 )
32566 Navarre ( 850 )
32266 Neptune Beach ( 904 )
32509 Netpmdsa Saufley Field ( 850 )
34652 New Port Richey ( 727 )
34653 New Port Richey ( 727 )
34654 New Port Richey ( 727 )
34655 New Port Richey ( 727 )
34656 New Port Richey ( 727 )
34652 New Prt Rchy ( 727 )
34653 New Prt Rchy ( 727 )
34654 New Prt Rchy ( 727 )
34655 New Prt Rchy ( 727 )
34656 New Prt Rchy ( 727 )
34652 New Pt Richey ( 727 )
34653 New Pt Richey ( 727 )
34654 New Pt Richey ( 727 )
34655 New Pt Richey ( 727 )
34656 New Pt Richey ( 727 )
32168 New Smyrna ( 386 )
32169 New Smyrna ( 386 )
32170 New Smyrna ( 386 )
32168 New Smyrna Beach ( 386 )
32169 New Smyrna Beach ( 386 )
32170 New Smyrna Beach ( 386 )
32669 Newberry ( 352 )
32578 Niceville ( 850 )
32588 Niceville ( 850 )
33863 Nichols ( 863 )
33161 Nmb ( 305/786 )
33180 Nmb ( 305/786 )
33181 Nmb ( 305/786 )
33280 Nmb ( 305/786 )
33903 No Fort Myers ( 239 )
33917 No Fort Myers ( 239 )
33918 No Fort Myers ( 239 )
33903 No Ft Myers ( 239 )
33917 No Ft Myers ( 239 )
33043 No Name Key ( 305/786 )
34286 No Port ( 941 )
34288 No Port ( 941 )
34289 No Port ( 941 )
34661 Nobleton ( 352 )
34268 Nocatee ( 863 )
34274 Nokomis ( 941 )
34275 Nokomis ( 941 )
32452 Noma ( 850 )
33141 Normandy ( 305/786 )
33141 Normandy Isle ( 305/786 )
32899 North A S A ( 321 )
33141 North Bay Village ( 305/786 )
33903 North Fort Myers ( 239 )
33917 North Fort Myers ( 239 )
33918 North Fort Myers ( 239 )
33903 North Ft Myers ( 239 )
33917 North Ft Myers ( 239 )
33918 North Ft Myers ( 239 )
33068 North Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33309 North Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33319 North Lauderdale ( 954/754 )
33161 North Miami ( 305/786 )
33162 North Miami ( 305/786 )
33167 North Miami ( 305/786 )
33168 North Miami ( 305/786 )
33169 North Miami ( 305/786 )
33181 North Miami ( 305/786 )
33261 North Miami ( 305/786 )
33160 North Miami Beach ( 305/786 )
33161 North Miami Beach ( 305/786 )
33162 North Miami Beach ( 305/786 )
33169 North Miami Beach ( 305/786 )
33179 North Miami Beach ( 305/786 )
33180 North Miami Beach ( 305/786 )
33181 North Miami Beach ( 305/786 )
33261 North Miami Beach ( 305/786 )
33403 North Palm Beach ( 561 )
33408 North Palm Beach ( 561 )
33410 North Palm Beach ( 561 )
34286 North Port ( 941 )
34287 North Port ( 941 )
34288 North Port ( 941 )
34289 North Port ( 941 )
34290 North Port ( 941 )
34291 North Port ( 941 )
33708 North Redington Beach ( 727 )
33708 North Redngtn Bch ( 727 )
34275 North Venice ( 941 )
33624 Northdale ( 813 )
33626 Northdale ( 813 )
34286 Northport ( 941 )
34288 Northport ( 941 )
34289 Northport ( 941 )
32511 NTT Corry Field ( 850 )
34652 NW Prt Rchy ( 727 )
32071 O Brien ( 386 )
32759 Oak Hill ( 386 )
34740 Oakland ( 407/321/689 )
34760 Oakland ( 407/321/689 )
34787 Oakland ( 407/321/689 )
33304 Oakland Park ( 954/754 )
33305 Oakland Park ( 954/754 )
33306 Oakland Park ( 954/754 )
33307 Oakland Park ( 954/754 )
33308 Oakland Park ( 954/754 )
33309 Oakland Park ( 954/754 )
33310 Oakland Park ( 954/754 )
33311 Oakland Park ( 954/754 )
33334 Oakland Park ( 954/754 )
34470 Ocala ( 352 )
34471 Ocala ( 352 )
34472 Ocala ( 352 )
34473 Ocala ( 352 )
34474 Ocala ( 352 )
34475 Ocala ( 352 )
34476 Ocala ( 352 )
34477 Ocala ( 352 )
34478 Ocala ( 352 )
34479 Ocala ( 352 )
34480 Ocala ( 352 )
34481 Ocala ( 352 )
34482 Ocala ( 352 )
34483 Ocala ( 352 )
33037 Ocean Reef Club ( 305/786 )
33435 Ocean Ridge ( 561 )
32346 Ochlockonee ( 850 )
32346 Ochlockonee Bay ( 850 )
34141 Ochopee ( 239 )
32179 Ocklawaha ( 352 )
32183 Ocklawaha ( 352 )
34761 Ocoee ( 407/321/689 )
33556 Odessa ( 813 )
33163 Ojus ( 305/786 )
33180 Ojus ( 305/786 )
34762 Okahumpka ( 352 )
32548 Okaloosa Island ( 850 )
34972 Okeechobee ( 863 )
34973 Okeechobee ( 863 )
34974 Okeechobee ( 863 )
32179 Oklawaha ( 352 )
32680 Old Town ( 352 )
34677 Oldsmar ( 813 )
32072 Olustee ( 386 )
33165 Olympia Heights ( 305/786 )
33174 Olympia Heights ( 305/786 )
33175 Olympia Heights ( 305/786 )
33184 Olympia Heights ( 305/786 )
33185 Olympia Heights ( 305/786 )
33265 Olympia Heights ( 305/786 )
33165 Olympia Hgts ( 305/786 )
33175 Olympia Hgts ( 305/786 )
33185 Olympia Hgts ( 305/786 )
33265 Olympia Hgts ( 305/786 )
33865 Ona ( 863 )
33394 One Financial Plaza ( 954/754 )
34264 Oneco ( 941 )
33014 Opa Locka ( 305/786 )
33054 Opa Locka ( 305/786 )
33055 Opa Locka ( 305/786 )
33056 Opa Locka ( 305/786 )
32763 Orange City ( 407/321/689 )
32774 Orange City ( 407/321/689 )
32681 Orange Lake ( 352 )
32003 Orange Park ( 904 )
32006 Orange Park ( 904 )
32065 Orange Park ( 904 )
32067 Orange Park ( 904 )
32073 Orange Park ( 904 )
32182 Orange Springs ( 352 )
32963 Orchid ( 772 )
32801 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32802 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32803 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32804 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32805 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32806 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32807 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32808 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32809 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32810 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32811 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32812 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32814 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32815 Orlando ( 321 )
32816 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32817 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32818 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32819 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32820 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32821 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32822 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32824 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32825 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32826 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32827 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32828 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32829 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32830 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32831 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32832 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32833 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32834 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32835 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32836 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32837 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32839 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32853 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32854 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32855 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32856 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32857 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32858 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32859 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32860 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32861 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32862 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32867 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32868 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32869 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32872 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32877 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32878 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32885 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32886 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32887 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32891 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32896 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32897 Orlando ( 407/321/689 )
32899 Orlando ( 321 )
32811 Orlo Vista ( 407/321/689 )
32173 Ormond Beach ( 386 )
32174 Ormond Beach ( 386 )
32175 Ormond Beach ( 386 )
32176 Ormond Beach ( 386 )
34229 Osprey ( 941 )
32764 Osteen ( 407/321/689 )
32683 Otter Creek ( 352 )
32456 Overstreet ( 850 )
32762 Oviedo ( 407/321/689 )
32765 Oviedo ( 407/321/689 )
32766 Oviedo ( 407/321/689 )
34484 Oxford ( 352 )
34660 Ozona ( 727 )
32401 P C Beach ( 850 )
32407 P C Beach ( 850 )
32408 P C Beach ( 850 )
32413 P C Beach ( 850 )
32417 P C Beach ( 850 )
33326 P E Chevron Cs ( 954/754 )
32571 Pace ( 850 )
33476 Pahokee ( 561 )
32767 Paisley ( 352 )
32177 Palatka ( 386 )
32178 Palatka ( 386 )
32905 Palm Bay ( 321 )
32906 Palm Bay ( 321 )
32907 Palm Bay ( 321 )
32908 Palm Bay ( 321 )
32909 Palm Bay ( 321 )
32910 Palm Bay ( 321 )
32911 Palm Bay ( 321 )
33403 Palm Bch Gdns ( 561 )
33408 Palm Bch Gdns ( 561 )
33410 Palm Bch Gdns ( 561 )
33412 Palm Bch Gdns ( 561 )
33418 Palm Bch Gdns ( 561 )
33420 Palm Bch Gdns ( 561 )
33404 Palm Bch Shrs ( 561 )
33480 Palm Beach ( 561 )
33403 Palm Beach Gardens ( 561 )
33408 Palm Beach Gardens ( 561 )
33410 Palm Beach Gardens ( 561 )
33412 Palm Beach Gardens ( 561 )
33418 Palm Beach Gardens ( 561 )
33420 Palm Beach Gardens ( 561 )
33404 Palm Beach Shores ( 561 )
34990 Palm City ( 772 )
34991 Palm City ( 772 )
32135 Palm Coast ( 386 )
32137 Palm Coast ( 386 )
32142 Palm Coast ( 386 )
32143 Palm Coast ( 386 )
32164 Palm Coast ( 386 )
34682 Palm Harbor ( 727 )
34683 Palm Harbor ( 727 )
34684 Palm Harbor ( 727 )
34685 Palm Harbor ( 727 )
32940 Palm Shores ( 321 )
33406 Palm Springs ( 561 )
33461 Palm Springs ( 561 )
33015 Palm Springs North ( 305/786 )
33629 Palma Ceia ( 813 )
33690 Palma Ceia ( 813 )
34209 Palma Sola ( 941 )
34280 Palma Sola ( 941 )
33944 Palmdale ( 863 )
34220 Palmetto ( 941 )
34221 Palmetto ( 941 )
33157 Palmetto Bay ( 305/786 )
33158 Palmetto Bay ( 305/786 )
33176 Palmetto Bay ( 305/786 )
32346 Panacea ( 850 )
32401 Panama City ( 850 )
32402 Panama City ( 850 )
32403 Panama City ( 850 )
32404 Panama City ( 850 )
32405 Panama City ( 850 )
32406 Panama City ( 850 )
32407 Panama City ( 850 )
32408 Panama City ( 850 )
32409 Panama City ( 850 )
32411 Panama City ( 850 )
32412 Panama City ( 850 )
32413 Panama City ( 850 )
32417 Panama City ( 850 )
32461 Panama City ( 850 )
32401 Panama City Beach ( 850 )
32407 Panama City Beach ( 850 )
32408 Panama City Beach ( 850 )
32413 Panama City Beach ( 850 )
32417 Panama City Beach ( 850 )
33067 Parkland ( 954/754 )
33073 Parkland ( 954/754 )
33076 Parkland ( 954/754 )
34219 Parrish ( 941 )
33707 Pasadena ( 727 )
33706 Pass A Grille ( 727 )
33741 Pass A Grille ( 727 )
33706 Pass A Grille Beach ( 727 )
33741 Pass A Grille Beach ( 727 )
32925 Patrick AFB ( 321 )
32925 Patrick Air Force Base ( 321 )
32538 Paxton ( 850 )
32590 Pcola ( 850 )
33026 Pembroke Lakes ( 954/754 )
33009 Pembroke Park ( 954/754 )
33021 Pembroke Park ( 954/754 )
33023 Pembroke Park ( 954/754 )
33019 Pembroke Pines ( 954/754 )
33020 Pembroke Pines ( 954/754 )
33022 Pembroke Pines ( 954/754 )
33023 Pembroke Pines ( 954/754 )
33024 Pembroke Pines ( 954/754 )
33025 Pembroke Pines ( 954/754 )
33026 Pembroke Pines ( 954/754 )
33027 Pembroke Pines ( 954/754 )
33028 Pembroke Pines ( 954/754 )
33029 Pembroke Pines ( 954/754 )
33081 Pembroke Pines ( 954/754 )
33082 Pembroke Pines ( 954/754 )
33083 Pembroke Pines ( 954/754 )
33084 Pembroke Pines ( 954/754 )
33330 Pembroke Pines ( 954/754 )
33331 Pembroke Pines ( 954/754 )
33332 Pembroke Pines ( 954/754 )
33023 Pembroke Pnes ( 954/754 )
33024 Pembroke Pnes ( 954/754 )
33025 Pembroke Pnes ( 954/754 )
33026 Pembroke Pnes ( 954/754 )
33027 Pembroke Pnes ( 954/754 )
33028 Pembroke Pnes ( 954/754 )
33029 Pembroke Pnes ( 954/754 )
33082 Pembroke Pnes ( 954/754 )
33084 Pembroke Pnes ( 954/754 )
32079 Penney Farms ( 904 )
32501 Pensacola ( 850 )
32502 Pensacola ( 850 )
32503 Pensacola ( 850 )
32504 Pensacola ( 850 )
32505 Pensacola ( 850 )
32506 Pensacola ( 850 )
32507 Pensacola ( 850 )
32508 Pensacola ( 850 )
32509 Pensacola ( 850 )
32511 Pensacola ( 850 )
32512 Pensacola ( 850 )
32513 Pensacola ( 850 )
32514 Pensacola ( 850 )
32516 Pensacola ( 850 )
32520 Pensacola ( 850 )
32521 Pensacola ( 850 )
32522 Pensacola ( 850 )
32523 Pensacola ( 850 )
32524 Pensacola ( 850 )
32526 Pensacola ( 850 )
32534 Pensacola ( 850 )
32559 Pensacola ( 850 )
32590 Pensacola ( 850 )
32591 Pensacola ( 850 )
32592 Pensacola ( 850 )
32561 Pensacola Bch ( 850 )
32561 Pensacola Beach ( 850 )
32512 Pensacola Naval Hospital ( 850 )
32507 Perdido Key ( 850 )
33157 Perrine ( 305/786 )
33170 Perrine ( 305/786 )
33177 Perrine ( 305/786 )
33187 Perrine ( 305/786 )
33189 Perrine ( 305/786 )
33190 Perrine ( 305/786 )
33257 Perrine ( 305/786 )
32347 Perry ( 850 )
32348 Perry ( 850 )
32180 Pierson ( 386 )
32809 Pine Castle ( 407/321/689 )
32839 Pine Castle ( 407/321/689 )
32808 Pine Hills ( 407/321/689 )
32818 Pine Hills ( 407/321/689 )
34465 Pine Ridge ( 352 )
34278 Pinecraft ( 941 )
33156 Pinecrest ( 305/786 )
33256 Pinecrest ( 305/786 )
33156 Pinecrest Postal Store ( 305/786 )
33945 Pineland ( 239 )
33780 Pinellas Park ( 727 )
33781 Pinellas Park ( 727 )
33782 Pinellas Park ( 727 )
32350 Pinetta ( 850 )
33946 Placida ( 941 )
33947 Placida ( 941 )
33563 Plant City ( 813 )
33564 Plant City ( 813 )
33565 Plant City ( 813 )
33566 Plant City ( 813 )
33567 Plant City ( 813 )
33311 Plantation ( 954/754 )
33312 Plantation ( 954/754 )
33313 Plantation ( 954/754 )
33317 Plantation ( 954/754 )
33318 Plantation ( 954/754 )
33322 Plantation ( 954/754 )
33323 Plantation ( 954/754 )
33324 Plantation ( 954/754 )
33325 Plantation ( 954/754 )
33326 Plantation ( 954/754 )
33327 Plantation ( 954/754 )
33337 Plantation ( 954/754 )
33388 Plantation ( 954/754 )
33036 Plantation Key ( 305/786 )
33070 Plantation Key ( 305/786 )
32768 Plymouth ( 407/321/689 )
32590 PNS ( 850 )
32082 Pnte Vdra Bch ( 904 )
34758 Poinciana ( 407/321/689 )
34759 Poinciana ( 863 )
32920 Point Canaveral ( 321 )
33948 Point Charlotte ( 941 )
33949 Point Charlotte ( 941 )
33952 Point Charlotte ( 941 )
33953 Point Charlotte ( 941 )
33954 Point Charlotte ( 941 )
33980 Point Charlotte ( 941 )
33981 Point Charlotte ( 941 )
33983 Point Charlotte ( 941 )
32123 Point Orange ( 386 )
32127 Point Orange ( 386 )
32128 Point Orange ( 386 )
32129 Point Orange ( 386 )
32459 Point Washington ( 850 )
33868 Polk City ( 863 )
32181 Pomona Park ( 386 )
33060 Pompano Beach ( 954/754 )
33061 Pompano Beach ( 954/754 )
33062 Pompano Beach ( 954/754 )
33063 Pompano Beach ( 954/754 )
33064 Pompano Beach ( 954/754 )
33065 Pompano Beach ( 954/754 )
33066 Pompano Beach ( 954/754 )
33067 Pompano Beach ( 954/754 )
33068 Pompano Beach ( 954/754 )
33069 Pompano Beach ( 954/754 )
33071 Pompano Beach ( 954/754 )
33072 Pompano Beach ( 954/754 )
33073 Pompano Beach ( 954/754 )
33074 Pompano Beach ( 954/754 )
33075 Pompano Beach ( 954/754 )
33076 Pompano Beach ( 954/754 )
33077 Pompano Beach ( 954/754 )
33093 Pompano Beach ( 954/754 )
33097 Pompano Beach ( 954/754 )
32455 Ponce de Leon ( 850 )
32127 Ponce Inlet ( 386 )
32004 Ponte Vedra ( 904 )
32081 Ponte Vedra ( 904 )
32082 Ponte Vedra ( 904 )
32004 Ponte Vedra Beach ( 904 )
32081 Ponte Vedra Beach ( 904 )
32082 Ponte Vedra Beach ( 904 )
32920 Port Canaveral ( 321 )
33948 Port Charlotte ( 941 )
33949 Port Charlotte ( 941 )
33952 Port Charlotte ( 941 )
33953 Port Charlotte ( 941 )
33954 Port Charlotte ( 941 )
33980 Port Charlotte ( 941 )
33981 Port Charlotte ( 941 )
33983 Port Charlotte ( 941 )
33316 Port Everglades ( 954/754 )
32123 Port Orange ( 386 )
32127 Port Orange ( 386 )
32128 Port Orange ( 386 )
32129 Port Orange ( 386 )
34667 Port Richey ( 727 )
34668 Port Richey ( 727 )
34669 Port Richey ( 727 )
34673 Port Richey ( 727 )
34674 Port Richey ( 727 )
32410 Port Saint Joe ( 850 )
32456 Port Saint Joe ( 850 )
32457 Port Saint Joe ( 850 )
32927 Port Saint John ( 321 )
34952 Port Saint Lucie ( 772 )
34953 Port Saint Lucie ( 772 )
34983 Port Saint Lucie ( 772 )
34984 Port Saint Lucie ( 772 )
34985 Port Saint Lucie ( 772 )
34986 Port Saint Lucie ( 772 )
34987 Port Saint Lucie ( 772 )
34988 Port Saint Lucie ( 772 )
34992 Port Salerno ( 772 )
32456 Port St Joe ( 850 )
32457 Port St Joe ( 850 )
32927 Port St John ( 321 )
34952 Port St Lucie ( 772 )
34953 Port St Lucie ( 772 )
34983 Port St Lucie ( 772 )
34984 Port St Lucie ( 772 )
34985 Port St Lucie ( 772 )
34986 Port St Lucie ( 772 )
34987 Port St Lucie ( 772 )
34988 Port St Lucie ( 772 )
33032 Princeton ( 305/786 )
33092 Princeton ( 305/786 )
33950 Punta Gorda ( 941 )
33951 Punta Gorda ( 941 )
33955 Punta Gorda ( 941 )
33980 Punta Gorda ( 941 )
33982 Punta Gorda ( 941 )
33983 Punta Gorda ( 941 )
32185 Putnam Hall ( 352 )
33170 Quail Heights ( 305/786 )
33177 Quail Heights ( 305/786 )
33187 Quail Heights ( 305/786 )
33189 Quail Heights ( 305/786 )
33190 Quail Heights ( 305/786 )
33197 Quail Heights ( 305/786 )
33257 Quail Heights ( 305/786 )
32351 Quincy ( 850 )
32352 Quincy ( 850 )
32353 Quincy ( 850 )
33040 Raccoon Key ( 305/786 )
32026 Raiford ( 386 )
32083 Raiford ( 386 )
33042 Ramrod Key ( 305/786 )
33597 Rdg Mnr Est ( 352 )
32455 Red Bay ( 850 )
32686 Reddick ( 352 )
33708 Redingtn Shor ( 727 )
33708 Redington Bch ( 727 )
33708 Redington Beach ( 727 )
33708 Redington Shores ( 727 )
33031 Redland ( 305/786 )
33032 Redland ( 305/786 )
34747 Reunion ( 407/321/689 )
33525 Richland ( 352 )
33156 Richmond Heights ( 305/786 )
33158 Richmond Heights ( 305/786 )
33176 Richmond Heights ( 305/786 )
33523 Ridge Manor ( 352 )
33597 Ridge Manor Estates ( 352 )
33867 River Ranch ( 863 )
33568 Riverview ( 813 )
33569 Riverview ( 813 )
33578 Riverview ( 352 )
33579 Riverview ( 352 )
33403 Riviera Beach ( 561 )
33404 Riviera Beach ( 561 )
33407 Riviera Beach ( 561 )
33410 Riviera Beach ( 561 )
33418 Riviera Beach ( 561 )
33419 Riviera Beach ( 561 )
32955 Rockledge ( 321 )
32956 Rockledge ( 321 )
34602 Rolling Acres ( 352 )
32957 Roseland ( 772 )
32413 Rosemary Bch ( 850 )
32461 Rosemary Bch ( 850 )
32413 Rosemary Beach ( 850 )
32461 Rosemary Beach ( 850 )
33947 Rotonda West ( 941 )
33411 Royal Palm Beach ( 561 )
33412 Royal Palm Beach ( 561 )
33414 Royal Palm Beach ( 561 )
33421 Royal Palm Beach ( 561 )
33411 Royal Plm Bch ( 561 )
33412 Royal Plm Bch ( 561 )
33414 Royal Plm Bch ( 561 )
33421 Royal Plm Bch ( 561 )
33411 Royal Plm Beach ( 561 )
33414 Royal Plm Beach ( 561 )
34221 Rubonia ( 941 )
33570 Ruskin ( 813 )
33571 Ruskin ( 813 )
33572 Ruskin ( 813 )
33573 Ruskin ( 813 )
33575 Ruskin ( 813 )
33411 Ryl Palm Bch ( 561 )
33412 Ryl Palm Bch ( 561 )
33421 Ryl Palm Bch ( 561 )
33359 Sabal Palm Postal Store ( 954/754 )
34695 Safety Harbor ( 727 )
32080 Saint Augustine ( 904 )
32084 Saint Augustine ( 904 )
32085 Saint Augustine ( 904 )
32086 Saint Augustine ( 904 )
32092 Saint Augustine ( 904 )
32095 Saint Augustine ( 904 )
34769 Saint Cloud ( 407/321/689 )
34770 Saint Cloud ( 407/321/689 )
34771 Saint Cloud ( 407/321/689 )
34772 Saint Cloud ( 407/321/689 )
34773 Saint Cloud ( 407/321/689 )
32328 Saint George Isl ( 850 )
32328 Saint George Island ( 850 )
33956 Saint James City ( 239 )
32259 Saint Johns ( 904 )
32260 Saint Johns ( 904 )
33574 Saint Leo ( 352 )
34953 Saint Lucie West ( 772 )
34983 Saint Lucie West ( 772 )
34986 Saint Lucie West ( 772 )
34987 Saint Lucie West ( 772 )
34988 Saint Lucie West ( 772 )
32355 Saint Marks ( 850 )
33733 Saint Pete ( 727 )
33706 Saint Pete Bch ( 727 )
33706 Saint Pete Beach ( 727 )
33707 Saint Pete Beach ( 727 )
33736 Saint Pete Beach ( 727 )
33701 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33702 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33703 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33704 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33705 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33706 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33707 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33708 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33709 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33710 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33711 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33712 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33713 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33714 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33715 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33716 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33729 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33730 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33731 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33732 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33733 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33734 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33736 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33737 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33738 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33740 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33741 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33742 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33743 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33747 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33784 Saint Petersburg ( 727 )
33706 Saint Petersburg Beach ( 727 )
32358 Saint Teresa ( 850 )
32356 Salem ( 850 )
32134 Salt Springs ( 352 )
34208 Samoset ( 941 )
33576 San Antonio ( 352 )
33912 San Carlos Park ( 239 )
33967 San Carlos Park ( 239 )
32187 San Mateo ( 386 )
32819 Sand Lake ( 407/321/689 )
32087 Sanderson ( 904 )
32550 Sandestin ( 850 )
32771 Sanford ( 407/321/689 )
32772 Sanford ( 407/321/689 )
32773 Sanford ( 407/321/689 )
33957 Sanibel ( 239 )
32615 Santa Fe ( 386 )
32459 Santa Rosa Beach ( 850 )
32459 Santa Rsa Bch ( 850 )
34230 Sarasota ( 941 )
34231 Sarasota ( 941 )
34232 Sarasota ( 941 )
34233 Sarasota ( 941 )
34234 Sarasota ( 941 )
34235 Sarasota ( 941 )
34236 Sarasota ( 941 )
34237 Sarasota ( 941 )
34238 Sarasota ( 941 )
34239 Sarasota ( 941 )
34240 Sarasota ( 941 )
34241 Sarasota ( 941 )
34242 Sarasota ( 941 )
34243 Sarasota ( 941 )
34260 Sarasota ( 941 )
34276 Sarasota ( 941 )
34277 Sarasota ( 941 )
34278 Sarasota ( 941 )
32937 Satellite Bch ( 321 )
32937 Satellite Beach ( 321 )
32189 Satsuma ( 386 )
32775 Scottsmoor ( 321 )
33308 Sea Ranch Lakes ( 954/754 )
33308 Sea Ranch Lks ( 954/754 )
32413 Seacrest ( 850 )
32958 Sebastian ( 772 )
32976 Sebastian ( 321 )
32978 Sebastian ( 772 )
33870 Sebring ( 863 )
33871 Sebring ( 863 )
33872 Sebring ( 863 )
33875 Sebring ( 863 )
33876 Sebring ( 863 )
33583 Seffner ( 813 )
33584 Seffner ( 813 )
33772 Seminole ( 727 )
33774 Seminole ( 727 )
33775 Seminole ( 727 )
33776 Seminole ( 727 )
33777 Seminole ( 727 )
33778 Seminole ( 727 )
34655 Seven Springs ( 727 )
32190 Seville ( 386 )
34996 Sewalls Point ( 772 )
33132 Seybold ( 305/786 )
32357 Shady Grove ( 850 )
34610 Shady Hills ( 352 )
32579 Shalimar ( 850 )
32959 Sharpes ( 321 )
34266 Sidell ( 863 )
34242 Siesta Key ( 941 )
34488 Silver Springs ( 352 )
34489 Silver Springs ( 352 )
33404 Singer Island ( 561 )
33176 Snapper Creek ( 305/786 )
32460 Sneads ( 850 )
32358 Sopchoppy ( 850 )
32776 Sorrento ( 352 )
33493 South Bay ( 561 )
32119 South Daytona ( 386 )
32121 South Daytona ( 386 )
32119 South Daytona Bch ( 386 )
33082 South Florida ( 954/754 )
33912 South Fort Myers ( 239 )
33967 South Fort Myers ( 239 )
33143 South Miami ( 305/786 )
33146 South Miami ( 305/786 )
33155 South Miami ( 305/786 )
33156 South Miami ( 305/786 )
33173 South Miami ( 305/786 )
33176 South Miami ( 305/786 )
33183 South Miami ( 305/786 )
33243 South Miami ( 305/786 )
33256 South Miami ( 305/786 )
33157 South Miami Heights ( 305/786 )
33480 South Palm Bch ( 561 )
33480 South Palm Beach ( 561 )
33707 South Pasadena ( 727 )
32409 Southport ( 850 )
33330 Southwest Ranches ( 954/754 )
33331 Southwest Ranches ( 954/754 )
33332 Southwest Ranches ( 954/754 )
32192 Sparr ( 352 )
34604 Spring Hill ( 352 )
34606 Spring Hill ( 352 )
34607 Spring Hill ( 352 )
34608 Spring Hill ( 352 )
34609 Spring Hill ( 352 )
34610 Spring Hill ( 352 )
34611 Spring Hill ( 352 )
34613 Spring Hill ( 352 )
32091 Starke ( 904 )
33888 State Farm Ins ( 863 )
32399 State of Florida ( 850 )
32359 Steinhatchee ( 352 )
32723 Stetson University ( 386 )
33040 Stock Island ( 305/786 )
33041 Stock Island ( 305/786 )
34994 Stuart ( 772 )
34995 Stuart ( 772 )
34996 Stuart ( 772 )
34997 Stuart ( 772 )
33042 Sugarlf Shrs ( 305/786 )
33042 Sugarloaf ( 305/786 )
33042 Sugarloaf Key ( 305/786 )
33042 Sugarloaf Shrs ( 305/786 )
32335 Sumatra ( 850 )
34491 Summerfield ( 352 )
34492 Summerfield ( 352 )
33042 Summerland Key ( 305/786 )
33043 Summerland Key ( 305/786 )
33042 Summrlnd Key ( 305/786 )
33043 Summrlnd Key ( 305/786 )
33585 Sumterville ( 352 )
33586 Sun City ( 813 )
33570 Sun City Center ( 813 )
33571 Sun City Center ( 813 )
33573 Sun City Center ( 813 )
33575 Sun City Center ( 813 )
32428 Sunny Hills ( 850 )
33160 Sunny Isl Bch ( 305/786 )
33160 Sunny Isles ( 305/786 )
33160 Sunny Isles Beach ( 305/786 )
33304 Sunrise ( 954/754 )
33313 Sunrise ( 954/754 )
33319 Sunrise ( 954/754 )
33321 Sunrise ( 954/754 )
33322 Sunrise ( 954/754 )
33323 Sunrise ( 954/754 )
33325 Sunrise ( 954/754 )
33326 Sunrise ( 954/754 )
33338 Sunrise ( 954/754 )
33345 Sunrise ( 954/754 )
33351 Sunrise ( 954/754 )
33355 Sunrise ( 954/754 )
33140 Sunset Island ( 305/786 )
32934 Suntree ( 321 )
32935 Suntree ( 321 )
32940 Suntree ( 321 )
32941 Suntree ( 321 )
32897 Suntrust National Bank ( 407/321/689 )
32891 Suntrust Service Corporation ( 407/321/689 )
33154 Surfside ( 305/786 )
32692 Suwanee ( 352 )
32692 Suwannee ( 352 )
33144 Sweetwater ( 305/786 )
33172 Sweetwater ( 305/786 )
33174 Sweetwater ( 305/786 )
33182 Sweetwater ( 305/786 )
33184 Sweetwater ( 305/786 )
33194 Sweetwater ( 305/786 )
32259 Switzerland ( 904 )
33587 Sydney ( 813 )
32301 Tallahassee ( 850 )
32302 Tallahassee ( 850 )
32303 Tallahassee ( 850 )
32304 Tallahassee ( 850 )
32305 Tallahassee ( 850 )
32306 Tallahassee ( 850 )
32307 Tallahassee ( 850 )
32308 Tallahassee ( 850 )
32309 Tallahassee ( 850 )
32310 Tallahassee ( 850 )
32311 Tallahassee ( 850 )
32312 Tallahassee ( 850 )
32313 Tallahassee ( 850 )
32314 Tallahassee ( 850 )
32315 Tallahassee ( 850 )
32316 Tallahassee ( 850 )
32317 Tallahassee ( 850 )
32318 Tallahassee ( 850 )
32395 Tallahassee ( 850 )
32399 Tallahassee ( 850 )
34270 Tallevast ( 941 )
33309 Tamarac ( 954/754 )
33319 Tamarac ( 954/754 )
33320 Tamarac ( 954/754 )
33321 Tamarac ( 954/754 )
33323 Tamarac ( 954/754 )
33351 Tamarac ( 954/754 )
33359 Tamarac ( 954/754 )
33601 Tampa ( 813 )
33602 Tampa ( 813 )
33603 Tampa ( 813 )
33604 Tampa ( 813 )
33605 Tampa ( 813 )
33606 Tampa ( 813 )
33607 Tampa ( 813 )
33608 Tampa ( 813 )
33609 Tampa ( 813 )
33610 Tampa ( 813 )
33611 Tampa ( 813 )
33612 Tampa ( 813 )
33613 Tampa ( 813 )
33614 Tampa ( 813 )
33615 Tampa ( 813 )
33616 Tampa ( 813 )
33617 Tampa ( 813 )
33618 Tampa ( 813 )
33619 Tampa ( 813 )
33620 Tampa ( 813 )
33621 Tampa ( 813 )
33622 Tampa ( 813 )
33623 Tampa ( 813 )
33624 Tampa ( 813 )
33625 Tampa ( 813 )
33626 Tampa ( 813 )
33629 Tampa ( 813 )
33630 Tampa ( 813 )
33631 Tampa ( 813 )
33633 Tampa ( 813 )
33634 Tampa ( 813 )
33635 Tampa ( 813 )
33637 Tampa ( 813 )
33646 Tampa ( 813 )
33647 Tampa ( 813 )
33650 Tampa ( 813 )
33655 Tampa ( 813 )
33660 Tampa ( 813 )
33661 Tampa ( 813 )
33662 Tampa ( 813 )
33663 Tampa ( 813 )
33664 Tampa ( 813 )
33672 Tampa ( 813 )
33673 Tampa ( 813 )
33674 Tampa ( 813 )
33675 Tampa ( 813 )
33677 Tampa ( 813 )
33679 Tampa ( 813 )
33680 Tampa ( 813 )
33681 Tampa ( 813 )
33682 Tampa ( 813 )
33684 Tampa ( 813 )
33685 Tampa ( 813 )
33686 Tampa ( 813 )
33687 Tampa ( 813 )
33688 Tampa ( 813 )
33689 Tampa ( 813 )
33690 Tampa ( 813 )
33694 Tampa ( 813 )
33633 Tampa Brm Unique ( 813 )
33647 Tampa Palms ( 813 )
32777 Tangerine ( 352 )
34688 Tarpon Spngs ( 727 )
34689 Tarpon Spngs ( 727 )
34690 Tarpon Spngs ( 727 )
34691 Tarpon Spngs ( 727 )
34688 Tarpon Springs ( 727 )
34689 Tarpon Springs ( 727 )
34690 Tarpon Springs ( 727 )
34691 Tarpon Springs ( 727 )
34692 Tarpon Springs ( 727 )
32778 Tavares ( 352 )
33070 Tavernier ( 305/786 )
32360 Telogia ( 850 )
33617 Temple Ter ( 813 )
33637 Temple Ter ( 813 )
33687 Temple Ter ( 813 )
33617 Temple Terrace ( 813 )
33637 Temple Terrace ( 813 )
33687 Temple Terrace ( 813 )
33469 Tequesta ( 561 )
34250 Terra Ceia ( 941 )
34250 Terra Ceia Island ( 941 )
32159 The Villages ( 352 )
32162 The Villages ( 352 )
32163 The Villages ( 352 )
33592 Thonotosassa ( 813 )
33905 Tice ( 239 )
33715 Tierra Verde ( 727 )
33634 Time Cs Brm Unique ( 813 )
33664 Time Cs Brm Unique ( 813 )
33664 Time Customer Service Inc ( 813 )
33660 Time Inc ( 813 )
33661 Time Inc ( 813 )
33662 Time Inc ( 813 )
33664 Time Inc ( 813 )
32669 Tioga ( 352 )
32780 Titusville ( 321 )
32781 Titusville ( 321 )
32782 Titusville ( 321 )
32783 Titusville ( 321 )
32796 Titusville ( 321 )
32081 Tn of Nocatee ( 904 )
33183 Town & Country Postal Store ( 305/786 )
33283 Town & Country Postal Store ( 305/786 )
33615 Town N Country ( 813 )
32081 Town of Nocatee ( 904 )
34281 Trailer Est ( 941 )
34281 Trailer Estates ( 941 )
33706 Treasure Island ( 727 )
33740 Treasure Island ( 727 )
32693 Trenton ( 352 )
33593 Trilby ( 352 )
34655 Trinity ( 727 )
33615 Twn N Cntry ( 813 )
32403 Tyndall A F B ( 850 )
32403 Tyndall AFB ( 850 )
32816 UCF ( 407/321/689 )
33162 Uleta ( 305/786 )
33164 Uleta ( 305/786 )
32784 Umatilla ( 352 )
32817 Union Park ( 407/321/689 )
33024 University ( 954/754 )
32610 University Medical Center ( 352 )
32816 University of Central Fl ( 407/321/689 )
32611 University of FL ( 352 )
32612 University of FL ( 352 )
32612 University of FL Student Dorms ( 352 )
33124 University of Miami ( 305/786 )
33146 University of Miami ( 305/786 )
33620 University of South Florida ( 813 )
33606 University of Tampa ( 813 )
34201 University Park ( 941 )
33037 Upper Key Largo ( 305/786 )
33036 Upper Matecumbe Key ( 305/786 )
33042 Upper Sugarloaf Key ( 305/786 )
33042 Upr Sugarloaf ( 305/786 )
32950 Valkaria ( 321 )
32580 Valparaiso ( 850 )
33594 Valrico ( 813 )
33595 Valrico ( 813 )
33596 Valrico ( 813 )
34107 Vanderbilt ( 239 )
34107 Vanderbilt Beach ( 239 )
33139 Venetian Islands ( 305/786 )
33036 Venetian Shores ( 305/786 )
34284 Venice ( 941 )
34285 Venice ( 941 )
34286 Venice ( 941 )
34287 Venice ( 941 )
34288 Venice ( 941 )
34289 Venice ( 941 )
34290 Venice ( 941 )
34291 Venice ( 941 )
34292 Venice ( 941 )
34293 Venice ( 941 )
33960 Venus ( 863 )
32462 Vernon ( 850 )
32960 Vero Beach ( 772 )
32961 Vero Beach ( 772 )
32962 Vero Beach ( 772 )
32963 Vero Beach ( 772 )
32964 Vero Beach ( 772 )
32965 Vero Beach ( 772 )
32966 Vero Beach ( 772 )
32967 Vero Beach ( 772 )
32968 Vero Beach ( 772 )
32969 Vero Beach ( 772 )
32940 Viera ( 321 )
32955 Viera ( 321 )
33436 Village of Golf ( 561 )
33461 Village of Palm Springs ( 561 )
33157 Village of Palmetto Bay ( 305/786 )
33158 Village of Palmetto Bay ( 305/786 )
33156 Village of Pinecrest ( 305/786 )
33256 Village of Pinecrest ( 305/786 )
33414 Village of Wellington ( 561 )
33449 Village of Wellington ( 561 )
33470 Village of Wellington ( 561 )
33166 Virginia Gardens ( 305/786 )
33166 Virginia Gdns ( 305/786 )
33436 Vlg of Golf ( 561 )
33414 Vlg Wellingtn ( 561 )
33470 Vlg Wellingtn ( 561 )
32970 Wabasso ( 772 )
32886 Wachovia ( 407/321/689 )
32886 Wachovia Mortgage Corp ( 407/321/689 )
32361 Wacissa ( 850 )
33880 Wahneta ( 863 )
32327 Wakulla Springs ( 850 )
32694 Waldo ( 352 )
32568 Walnut Hill ( 850 )
32413 Watersound ( 850 )
32461 Watersound ( 850 )
33873 Wauchula ( 863 )
32463 Wausau ( 850 )
33877 Waverly ( 863 )
33597 Webster ( 352 )
34606 Weeki Wachee ( 352 )
34607 Weeki Wachee ( 352 )
34613 Weeki Wachee ( 352 )
34614 Weeki Wachee ( 352 )
32195 Weirsdale ( 352 )
32779 Wekiva Springs ( 407/321/689 )
32791 Wekiva Springs ( 407/321/689 )
32193 Welaka ( 386 )
32094 Wellborn ( 386 )
33411 Wellington ( 561 )
33414 Wellington ( 561 )
33421 Wellington ( 561 )
33449 Wellington ( 561 )
33467 Wellington ( 561 )
33470 Wellington ( 561 )
33543 Wesley Chapel ( 813 )
33544 Wesley Chapel ( 813 )
33545 Wesley Chapel ( 813 )
34205 West Bradenton ( 941 )
33196 West Dade ( 305/786 )
33446 West Delray Bch ( 561 )
33448 West Delray Bch ( 561 )
33484 West Delray Bch ( 561 )
33446 West Delray Beach ( 561 )
33448 West Delray Beach ( 561 )
33484 West Delray Beach ( 561 )
32548 West Destin ( 850 )
33023 West Hollywood ( 954/754 )
32904 West Melbourne ( 321 )
32912 West Melbourne ( 321 )
33144 West Miami ( 305/786 )
33155 West Miami ( 305/786 )
33172 West Miami ( 305/786 )
33174 West Miami ( 305/786 )
33182 West Miami ( 305/786 )
33194 West Miami ( 305/786 )
33401 West Palm Bch ( 561 )
33402 West Palm Bch ( 561 )
33403 West Palm Bch ( 561 )
33404 West Palm Bch ( 561 )
33405 West Palm Bch ( 561 )
33406 West Palm Bch ( 561 )
33407 West Palm Bch ( 561 )
33408 West Palm Bch ( 561 )
33409 West Palm Bch ( 561 )
33410 West Palm Bch ( 561 )
33411 West Palm Bch ( 561 )
33412 West Palm Bch ( 561 )
33413 West Palm Bch ( 561 )
33414 West Palm Bch ( 561 )
33415 West Palm Bch ( 561 )
33416 West Palm Bch ( 561 )
33417 West Palm Bch ( 561 )
33418 West Palm Bch ( 561 )
33419 West Palm Bch ( 561 )
33420 West Palm Bch ( 561 )
33421 West Palm Bch ( 561 )
33422 West Palm Bch ( 561 )
33401 West Palm Beach ( 561 )
33402 West Palm Beach ( 561 )
33403 West Palm Beach ( 561 )
33404 West Palm Beach ( 561 )
33405 West Palm Beach ( 561 )
33406 West Palm Beach ( 561 )
33407 West Palm Beach ( 561 )
33408 West Palm Beach ( 561 )
33409 West Palm Beach ( 561 )
33410 West Palm Beach ( 561 )
33411 West Palm Beach ( 561 )
33412 West Palm Beach ( 561 )
33413 West Palm Beach ( 561 )
33414 West Palm Beach ( 561 )
33415 West Palm Beach ( 561 )
33416 West Palm Beach ( 561 )
33417 West Palm Beach ( 561 )
33418 West Palm Beach ( 561 )
33419 West Palm Beach ( 561 )
33420 West Palm Beach ( 561 )
33421 West Palm Beach ( 561 )
33422 West Palm Beach ( 561 )
33470 West Palm Beach ( 561 )
32413 West Panama City Beach ( 850 )
33023 West Park ( 954/754 )
33403 West Plm Bch ( 561 )
33626 Westchase ( 813 )
33165 Westchester ( 305/786 )
33326 Weston ( 954/754 )
33327 Weston ( 954/754 )
33331 Weston ( 954/754 )
33332 Weston ( 954/754 )
33325 Westside Branch ( 954/754 )
33330 Westside Branch ( 954/754 )
33355 Westside Branch ( 954/754 )
32464 Westville ( 850 )
32449 Wewahitchka ( 850 )
32465 Wewahitchka ( 850 )
32096 White Springs ( 386 )
32127 Wilbur By Sea ( 386 )
32127 Wilbur by the Sea ( 386 )
34785 Wildwood ( 352 )
32696 Williston ( 352 )
33305 Wilton Manors ( 954/754 )
33306 Wilton Manors ( 954/754 )
33311 Wilton Manors ( 954/754 )
33334 Wilton Manors ( 954/754 )
33598 Wimauma ( 813 )
34786 Windermere ( 407/321/689 )
33036 Windley Key ( 305/786 )
32971 Winter Beach ( 772 )
34777 Winter Garden ( 407/321/689 )
34778 Winter Garden ( 407/321/689 )
34787 Winter Garden ( 407/321/689 )
33880 Winter Haven ( 863 )
33881 Winter Haven ( 863 )
33882 Winter Haven ( 863 )
33883 Winter Haven ( 863 )
33884 Winter Haven ( 863 )
33885 Winter Haven ( 863 )
33888 Winter Haven ( 863 )
33883 Winter Hvn ( 863 )
32789 Winter Park ( 407/321/689 )
32790 Winter Park ( 407/321/689 )
32792 Winter Park ( 407/321/689 )
32793 Winter Park ( 407/321/689 )
32708 Winter Springs ( 407/321/689 )
32719 Winter Springs ( 407/321/689 )
34778 Wintergarden ( 407/321/689 )
32362 Woodville ( 850 )
32697 Worthington Springs ( 386 )
32697 Worthngtn Springs ( 386 )
34797 Yalaha ( 352 )
34498 Yankeetown ( 352 )
33605 Ybor City ( 813 )
33675 Ybor City ( 813 )
34972 Yeehaw ( 863 )
34972 Yeehaw Junction ( 863 )
32466 Youngstown ( 850 )
32041 Yulee ( 904 )
32097 Yulee ( 904 )
32798 Zellwood ( 407/321/689 )
33539 Zephyrhills ( 813 )
33540 Zephyrhills ( 813 )
33541 Zephyrhills ( 813 )
33542 Zephyrhills ( 813 )
33543 Zephyrhills ( 813 )
33544 Zephyrhills ( 813 )
33545 Zephyrhills ( 813 )
33890 Zolfo Springs ( 863 )
BRASS
S AND T
S & T
T AND S
S & T
Aquifer – An underground formation or group of formations in rocks and soils containing enough ground water to supply wells and springs.
Backflow – A reverse flow in water pipes. A difference in water pressures pulls water from sources other than the well into a home’s water system, for example waste water or flood water. Also called back siphonage.
Bacteria – Microscopic living organisms; some are helpful and some are harmful. “Good” bacteria aid in pollution control by consuming and breaking down organic matter and other pollutants in septic systems, sewage, oil spills, and soils. However, “bad” bacteria in soil, water, or air can cause human, animal, and plant health problems.
Confining layer – Layer of rock that keeps the ground water in the aquifer below it under pressure. This pressure creates springs and helps supply water to wells.
Contaminant – Anything found in water (including microorganisms, minerals, chemicals, radionuclides, etc.) which may be harmful to human health.
Cross-connection – Any actual or potential connection between a drinking (potable) water supply and a source of contamination.
Heavy metals – Metallic elements with high atomic weights, such as, mercury chromium cadmium, arsenic, and lead. Even at low levels these metals can damage living things. They do not break down or decompose and tend to build up in plants, animals, and people causing health concerns.
Leaching field – The entire area where many materials (including contaminants) dissolve in rain, snowmelt, or irrigation water and are filtered through the soil.
Microorganisms – Also called microbes. Very tiny life forms such as bacteria, algae, diatoms, parasites, plankton, and fungi. Some can cause disease.
Nitrates – Plant nutrient and fertilizer that enters water supply sources from fertilizers, animal feed lots, manures, sewage, septic systems, industrial wastewaters, sanitary landfills, and garbage dumps.
Protozoa – One-celled animals, usually microscopic, that are larger and more complex than bacteria. May cause disease.
Radon – A colorless, odorless naturally occurring radioactive gas formed by the breakdown or decay of radium or uranium in soil or rocks like granite. Radon is fairly soluble in water, so well water may contain radon.
Radionuclides – Distinct radioactive particles coming from both natural sources and human activities. Can be very long lasting as soil or water pollutants.
Recharge area – The land area through or over which rainwater and other surface water soaks through the earth to replenish an aquifer, lake, stream, river, or marsh. Also called a watershed.
Saturated zone – The underground area below the water table where all open spaces are filled with water. A well placed in this zone will be able to pump ground water.
Unsaturated zone – The area above the ground water level or water table where soil pores are not fully saturated, although some water may be present.
Viruses – Submicroscopic disease-causing organisms that grow only inside living cells.
Watershed – The land area that catches rain or snow and drains it into a local water body (such as a river, stream, lake, marsh, or aquifer) and affects its flow, and the local water level. Also called a recharge area.
Getting Information about your Tap Water
Q: How can I find out if my tap water is safe to drink?
A: Because of water’s different sources and the different ways in which water is treated, the taste and quality of drinking water varies from place to place. Over 90 percent of water systems meet EPA’s standards for tap water quality.
The best source of specific information about your drinking water is your water supplier. Water suppliers that serve the same people year-round are required to send their customers an annual water quality report (sometimes called a consumer confidence report).
Contact your water supplier to get a copy or see if your report is posted on-line.
For additional local drinking water information, visit the following EPA Web site:
- Local drinking water – provides links to state and local sources of water quality information.
Q. How will I know if my water isn’t safe to drink?
A: Your water supplier must notify you by newspaper, mail, radio, TV, or hand-delivery if your water doesn’t meet EPA or state standards or if there is a waterborne disease emergency. The notice will describe any precautions you need to take, such as boiling your water.
Follow the advice of your water supplier if you ever receive such a notice. The most common drinking water emergency is contamination by disease-causing germs. Boiling your water for one minute will kill these germs. You can also use common household bleach or iodine to disinfect your drinking water at home in an emergency, such as a flood.
- See EPA’s emergency disinfection fact sheet for specific directions on how to disinfect your drinking water in an emergency.
Q. What’s this new drinking water report that I’ve heard about?
A. Water suppliers must deliver to their customers annual drinking water quality reports (or consumer confidence reports). These reports will tell consumers what contaminants have been detected in their drinking water, how these detection levels compare to drinking water standards, and where their water comes from.
The reports must be provided annually before July 1, and, in most cases, are mailed directly to customers’ homes.
- Contact your water supplier to get a copy of your report, or see if your report is posted on-line.
Q. How can I get my water tested?
A: If your home is served by a water system, get a copy of your annual water quality report before you test your water. This report will tell you what contaminants have been found in your drinking water and at what level.
After you’ve read this report, you may wish to test for specific contaminants (such as lead) that can vary from house to house, or any other contaminant you’re concerned about.
EPA does not test individual homes, and cannot recommend specific laboratories to test your drinking water. States certify water testing laboratories.
You may call your state certification officer to get a list of certified laboratories in your state. Depending on how many contaminants you test for, a water test can cost from $15 to hundreds of dollars.
- For more information, download: Home Water Testing PDF (2 pp, 563 K) (ALL ABOUT PDF FILES)
Drinking Water Standards and Contaminants
Q. What is a drinking water standard?
A. Under the authority of the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA), EPA sets standards for approximately 90 contaminants in drinking water.For each of these contaminants, EPA sets a legal limit, called a maximum contaminant level, or requires a certain treatment. Water suppliers may not provide water that doesn’t meet these standards.
Water that meets these standards is safe to drink, although people with severely compromised immune systems and children may have special needs.
For a more detailed description, read about how standards are set.
Q. I don’t like the taste/smell/appearance of my tap water. What’s wrong with it?
A. Even when water meets EPA’s standards, you may still object to its taste, smell, or appearance. EPA sets secondary standards based on these aesthetic characteristics (not health effects) which water systems and states can choose to adopt.
Common complaints about water aesthetics include:
- temporary cloudiness (typically caused by air bubbles), or
- chlorine taste (which can be improved by letting the water stand exposed to the air).
Q. I’m worried about a specific drinking water contaminant [lead, Cryptosporidium, nitrate, radon, etc.]. What should I know?
Drinking water, including bottled water, may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some contaminants. As long as they occur below EPA’s standards, they don’t pose a significant threat to health, although people with severely compromised immune systems and children may have special needs.
For more information about a specific contaminant, see EPA’s fact sheets on drinking water contaminants, which have more detailed information on every contaminant EPA currently sets standards for and those EPA is considering setting standards for.
Special Health Needs of People With Severely Compromised Immune Systems
Q. What if I have a severely compromised immune system?
A. Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water than the general population. People with severely compromised immune systems, such as people with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, people who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderly, and infants can be particularly at risk from infections. These people should seek advice about drinking water from their health care providers.
EPA/Centers for Disease Control guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection from Cryptosporidium and other microbial contaminants offer more detailed advice.
Private Drinking Water Wells
Q. What should I do if I have my own drinking water well?
A: If you have your own well, you are responsible for making sure that your water is safe to drink. Private wells should be tested annually for nitrate and coliform bacteria to detect contamination problems early. Test more frequently and for other contaminants, such as radon or pesticides, if you suspect a problem. Check with your local health department and local public water systems that use ground water to learn more about well water quality in your area and what contaminants you are more likely to find.
More information is available on EPA’s private drinking water wells Web site.
You can help protect your water supply by carefully managing activities near the water source, to find out how visit EPA’s Source Water Protection Web site.
The organization Farm*A*Syst/Home*A*Syst provides information to help farmers and rural residents assess pollution risks and develop management plans to meet their unique needs.
Bottled Water
Q. What about bottled water?
A: Bottled water is not necessarily safer than your tap water. EPA sets standards for tap water provided by public water systems; the Food and Drug Administration sets bottled water standards based on EPA’s tap water standards.
Bottled water and tap water are both safe to drink if they meet these standards, although people with severely compromised immune systems and children may have special needs.
Some bottled water is treated more than tap water, while some is treated less or not treated at all. Bottled water costs much more than tap water on a per gallon basis. Bottled water is valuable in emergency situations (such as floods and earthquakes), and high quality bottled water may be a desirable option for people with weakened immune systems.
Consumers who choose to purchase bottled water should carefully read its label to understand what they are buying, whether it is a better taste, or a certain method of treatment.
- For more information, download the booklet: Bottled Water Basics PDF (7 pp, 2 M) (ALL ABOUT PDF FILES)
More information on bottled water is available from the International Bottled Water Association, which represents most US bottlers.
Home Water Treatment Units
Q. What about home water treatment units?
A: Most people do not need to treat their drinking water at home to make it safe. A home water treatment unit can improve water’s taste, or provide an extra margin of safety for people more vulnerable to the effects of waterborne illness:
- people with severely compromised immune systems
- and children may have special needs.
Consumers who choose to purchase a home water treatment unit should carefully read its product information to understand what they are buying, whether it is a better taste or a certain method of treatment. Be certain to follow the manufacturer’s instructions for operation and maintenance, especially changing the filter on a regular basis.
- For more information download the booklet: Filtration Facts PDF (7 pp, 1 M) (ALL ABOUT PDF FILES)
EPA neither endorses nor recommends specific home water treatment units. EPA does register units that make germ-killing claims.
- Contact David Liem at liem.david@epa.gov or 703-305-1284 in EPA’s Office of Pesticides or visit this Web site http://www.epa.gov/oppad001/ for more information.
No single unit takes out every kind of drinking water contaminant; you must decide which type best meets your needs.
For help in picking a unit, contact one of the following independent non-profit organizations:
- NSF International (800-673-8010),
- the Underwriters Laboratories Inc. (877-854-3577),
- and the Water Quality Association (630-505-0160).
Both NSF International and Underwriters Laboratories Inc. test and certify home water treatment units. The Water Quality Association classifies units according to the contaminants they remove as well as listing units that have earned their “Gold Seal” approval. Water treatment units certified by these organizations will indicate certification on their packaging or labels.
Drinking Water Sources and Protection
Q. Where does my drinking water come from?
A. Drinking water can come from either ground water sources (via wells) or surface water sources (such as rivers, lakes, and streams). Nationally, most water systems use a ground water source (80%), but most people (66%) are served by a water system that uses surface water. This is because large metropolitan areas tend to rely on surface water, whereas small and rural areas tend to rely on ground water. In addition, 10-20% of people have their own private well for drinking water. To find the source of your drinking water, check your annual water quality report or call your water supplier. You can get more information about specific watersheds by visiting EPA’s Watershed Information Network. You can also learn more about EPA, state, and other efforts to protect sources of drinking water.
Q. How can I help protect my drinking water?
A: Drinking water protection is a community-wide effort, beginning with protecting the source of your water, and including education, funding, and conservation. Many communities already have established source water protection programs. Call your local water supplier to find out if your community participates. You can also support efforts to improve operation, maintenance, and construction of water treatment processes. States are now engaged in source water assessments, to work with communities to identify local sources of contamination. You can contact your state source water protection program to find out how to get involved in this process, or join a local group in Adopting a Watershed.
For more information
Q. How many public water systems are there in the United States?
A. There are almost 170,000 public water systems in the United States. Visit EPA’s page of water system facts and figures for more information.
Q: Where can I get more information?
A: For more information on your drinking water you can:
- contact your water supplier, or
- use our new question and answer database.
You can also contact:
-
- your state drinking water program;
- call EPA’s Safe Drinking Water Hotline at 1-800-426-4791;
- explore the rest of the Office of Ground Water and Drinking Water’s web site, or
- order publications from EPA on various topics from source water protection to home well use.
EPA has also prepared a citizen’s guide to drinking water called Water on Tap: What You Need To Know.
Current Drinking Water Regulations
Under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA), EPA sets legal limits on the levels of certain contaminants in drinking water. The legal limits reflect both the level that protects human health and the level that water systems can achieve using the best available technology. Besides prescribing these legal limits, EPA rules set water-testing schedules and methods that water systems must follow. The rules also list acceptable techniques for treating contaminated water. SDWA gives individual states the opportunity to set and enforce their own drinking water standards if the standards are at least as strong as EPA’s national standards. Most states and territories directly oversee the water systems within their borders.
- Where can I find information about chemical contaminants that EPA regulates?
- Where can I find information about how EPA regulates the treatment of microbial contaminants in drinking water sources?
- Where can I find information about unregulated contaminants?
- More information about contaminants of interest
- Compliance Guidance
Where can I find information about chemical contaminants that EPA regulates?
- Arsenic in Drinking Water
- Chemical Phase Rules
- Lead and Copper Rule
- Contaminants Basic Information
- National Primary Drinking Water Regulations
- National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations
- Radionuclides in Drinking Water
Top of page
Where can I find information about how EPA regulates the treatment of microbial contaminants in drinking water sources?
- Microbials & Disinfection Byproducts
- Filter Backwash Recycling Rule
- Ground Water Rule
- Interim Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule
- Long Term 1 Surface Water Treatment Rule
- Long Term 2 Surface Water Treatment Rule
- Stage 1 Disinfectant/Disinfection Byproducts Rule
- Stage 2 Disinfectant/Disinfection Byproducts Rule
- Surface Water Treatment Rule
- Total Coliform Rule
Top of page
Where can I find information about unregulated contaminants?
EPA uses the Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring (UCM) program to collect data for contaminants suspected to be present in drinking water, but that do not have health-based standards set under the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA). Every five years EPA reviews the list of contaminants, largely based on the Contaminant Candidate List
- EPA’s Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Program
- Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate Lists & Regulatory Determinations
Top of page
More information about contaminants of interest:
List of Contaminants & their MCLs
- Microorganisms
- Disinfectants
- Disinfection Byproducts
- Inorganic Chemicals
- Organic Chemicals
- Radionuclides
Microorganisms
Contaminant |
Potential Health Effects from Long-Term Exposure Above the MCL (unless specified as short-term) |
Sources of Contaminant in Drinking Water |
||
Cryptosporidium (pdf file) | zero | TT 3 | Gastrointestinal illness (e.g., diarrhea, vomiting, cramps) | Human and animal fecal waste |
Giardia lamblia | zero | TT3 | Gastrointestinal illness (e.g., diarrhea, vomiting, cramps) | Human and animal fecal waste |
Heterotrophic plate count | n/a | TT3 | HPC has no health effects; it is an analytic method used to measure the variety of bacteria that are common in water. The lower the concentration of bacteria in drinking water, the better maintained the water system is. | HPC measures a range of bacteria that are naturally present in the environment |
Legionella | zero | TT3 | Legionnaire’s Disease, a type of pneumonia | Found naturally in water; multiplies in heating systems |
Total Coliforms (including fecal coliform and E. Coli) | zero | 5.0%4 | Not a health threat in itself; it is used to indicate whether other potentially harmful bacteria may be present 5 | Coliforms are naturally present in the environment; as well as feces; fecal coliforms and E. coli only come from human and animal fecal waste. |
Turbidity | n/a | TT3 | Turbidity is a measure of the cloudiness of water. It is used to indicate water quality and filtration effectiveness (e.g., whether disease-causing organisms are present). Higher turbidity levels are often associated with higher levels of disease-causing microorganisms such as viruses, parasites and some bacteria. These organisms can cause symptoms such as nausea, cramps, diarrhea, and associated headaches. | Soil runoff |
Viruses (enteric) | zero | TT3 | Gastrointestinal illness (e.g., diarrhea, vomiting, cramps) | Human and animal fecal waste |
Disinfection Byproducts
Contaminant |
Potential Health Effects from Ingestion of Water |
Sources of Contaminant in Drinking Water |
||
Bromate | zero | 0.010 | Increased risk of cancer | Byproduct of drinking water disinfection |
Chlorite | 0.8 | 1.0 | Anemia; infants & young children: nervous system effects | Byproduct of drinking water disinfection |
Haloacetic acids (HAA5) | n/a6 | 0.060 | Increased risk of cancer | Byproduct of drinking water disinfection |
Total Trihalomethanes (TTHMs) | –> –> 0.080 | Liver, kidney or central nervous system problems; increased risk of cancer | Byproduct of drinking water disinfection |
Disinfectants
Contaminant |
Potential Health Effects from Ingestion of Water |
Sources of Contaminant in Drinking Water |
||
Chloramines (as Cl2) | MRDLG=41 | MRDL=4.01 | Eye/nose irritation; stomach discomfort, anemia | Water additive used to control microbes |
Chlorine (as Cl2) | MRDLG=41 | MRDL=4.01 | Eye/nose irritation; stomach discomfort | Water additive used to control microbes |
Chlorine dioxide (as ClO2) | MRDLG=0.81 | MRDL=0.81 | Anemia; infants & young children: nervous system effects | Water additive used to control microbes |
Inorganic Chemicals
Contaminant |
Potential Health Effects from Ingestion of Water |
Sources of Contaminant in Drinking Water |
||
Antimony | 0.006 | 0.006 | Increase in blood cholesterol; decrease in blood sugar | Discharge from petroleum refineries; fire retardants; ceramics; electronics; solder |
Arsenic | 07 | 0.010 as of 01/23/06 |
Skin damage or problems with circulatory systems, and may have increased risk of getting cancer | Erosion of natural deposits; runoff from orchards, runoff from glass & electronicsproduction wastes |
Asbestos (fiber >10 micrometers) |
7 million fibers per liter | 7 MFL | Increased risk of developing benign intestinal polyps | Decay of asbestos cement in water mains; erosion of natural deposits |
Barium | 2 | 2 | Increase in blood pressure | Discharge of drilling wastes; discharge from metal refineries; erosion of natural deposits |
Beryllium | 0.004 | 0.004 | Intestinal lesions | Discharge from metal refineries and coal-burning factories; discharge from electrical, aerospace, and defense industries |
Cadmium | 0.005 | 0.005 | Kidney damage | Corrosion of galvanized pipes; erosion of natural deposits; discharge from metal refineries; runoff from waste batteries and paints |
Chromium (total) | 0.1 | 0.1 | Allergic dermatitis | Discharge from steel and pulp mills; erosion of natural deposits |
Copper | 1.3 | TT8; Action Level=1.3 |
Short term exposure: Gastrointestinal distressLong term exposure: Liver or kidney damage
People with Wilson’s Disease should consult their personal doctor if the amount of copper in their water exceeds the action level |
Corrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits |
Cyanide (as free cyanide) | 0.2 | 0.2 | Nerve damage or thyroid problems | Discharge from steel/metal factories; discharge from plastic and fertilizer factories |
Fluoride | 4.0 | 4.0 | Bone disease (pain and tenderness of the bones); Children may get mottled teeth | Water additive which promotes strong teeth; erosion of natural deposits; discharge from fertilizer and aluminum factories |
Lead | zero | TT8; Action Level=0.015 |
Infants and children: Delays in physical or mental development; children could show slight deficits in attention span and learning abilitiesAdults: Kidney problems; high blood pressure | Corrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits |
Mercury (inorganic) | 0.002 | 0.002 | Kidney damage | Erosion of natural deposits; discharge from refineries and factories; runoff from landfills and croplands |
Nitrate (measured as Nitrogen) | 10 | 10 | Infants below the age of six months who drink water containing nitrate in excess of the MCL could become seriously ill and, if untreated, may die. Symptoms include shortness of breath and blue-baby syndrome. | Runoff from fertilizer use; leaching from septic tanks, sewage; erosion of natural deposits |
Nitrite (measured as Nitrogen) | 1 | 1 | Infants below the age of six months who drink water containing nitrite in excess of the MCL could become seriously ill and, if untreated, may die. Symptoms include shortness of breath and blue-baby syndrome. | Runoff from fertilizer use; leaching from septic tanks, sewage; erosion of natural deposits |
Selenium | 0.05 | 0.05 | Hair or fingernail loss; numbness in fingers or toes; circulatory problems | Discharge from petroleum refineries; erosion of natural deposits; discharge from mines |
Thallium | 0.0005 | 0.002 | Hair loss; changes in blood; kidney, intestine, or liver problems | Leaching from ore-processing sites; discharge from electronics, glass, and drug factories |
Organic Chemicals
Contaminant |
Potential Health Effects from Ingestion of Water |
Sources of Contaminant in Drinking Water |
||
Acrylamide | zero | TT9 | Nervous system or blood problems; increased risk of cancer | Added to water during sewage/wastewater treatment |
Alachlor | zero | 0.002 | Eye, liver, kidney or spleen problems; anemia; increased risk of cancer | Runoff from herbicide used on row crops |
Atrazine | 0.003 | 0.003 | Cardiovascular system or reproductive problems | Runoff from herbicide used on row crops |
Benzene | zero | 0.005 | Anemia; decrease in blood platelets; increased risk of cancer | Discharge from factories; leaching from gas storage tanks and landfills |
Benzo(a)pyrene (PAHs) | zero | 0.0002 | Reproductive difficulties; increased risk of cancer | Leaching from linings of water storage tanks and distribution lines |
Carbofuran | 0.04 | 0.04 | Problems with blood, nervous system, or reproductive system | Leaching of soil fumigant used on rice and alfalfa |
Carbon tetrachloride |
zero | 0.005 | Liver problems; increased risk of cancer | Discharge from chemical plants and other industrial activities |
Chlordane | zero | 0.002 | Liver or nervous system problems; increased risk of cancer | Residue of banned termiticide |
Chlorobenzene | 0.1 | 0.1 | Liver or kidney problems | Discharge from chemical and agricultural chemical factories |
2,4-D | 0.07 | 0.07 | Kidney, liver, or adrenal gland problems | Runoff from herbicide used on row crops |
Dalapon | 0.2 | 0.2 | Minor kidney changes | Runoff from herbicide used on rights of way |
1,2-Dibromo-3-chloropropane (DBCP) | zero | 0.0002 | Reproductive difficulties; increased risk of cancer | Runoff/leaching from soil fumigant used on soybeans, cotton, pineapples, and orchards |
o-Dichlorobenzene | 0.6 | 0.6 | Liver, kidney, or circulatory system problems | Discharge from industrial chemical factories |
p-Dichlorobenzene | 0.075 | 0.075 | Anemia; liver, kidney or spleen damage; changes in blood | Discharge from industrial chemical factories |
1,2-Dichloroethane | zero | 0.005 | Increased risk of cancer | Discharge from industrial chemical factories |
1,1-Dichloroethylene | 0.007 | 0.007 | Liver problems | Discharge from industrial chemical factories |
cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene | 0.07 | 0.07 | Liver problems | Discharge from industrial chemical factories |
trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene | 0.1 | 0.1 | Liver problems | Discharge from industrial chemical factories |
Dichloromethane | zero | 0.005 | Liver problems; increased risk of cancer | Discharge from drug and chemical factories |
1,2-Dichloropropane | zero | 0.005 | Increased risk of cancer | Discharge from industrial chemical factories |
Di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate | 0.4 | 0.4 | Weight loss, liver problems, or possible reproductive difficulties. | Discharge from chemical factories |
Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate | zero | 0.006 | Reproductive difficulties; liver problems; increased risk of cancer | Discharge from rubber and chemical factories |
Dinoseb | 0.007 | 0.007 | Reproductive difficulties | Runoff from herbicide used on soybeans and vegetables |
Dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) | zero | 0.00000003 | Reproductive difficulties; increased risk of cancer | Emissions from waste incineration and other combustion; discharge from chemical factories |
Diquat | 0.02 | 0.02 | Cataracts | Runoff from herbicide use |
Endothall | 0.1 | 0.1 | Stomach and intestinal problems | Runoff from herbicide use |
Endrin | 0.002 | 0.002 | Liver problems | Residue of banned insecticide |
Epichlorohydrin | zero | TT9 | Increased cancer risk, and over a long period of time, stomach problems | Discharge from industrial chemical factories; an impurity of some water treatment chemicals |
Ethylbenzene | 0.7 | 0.7 | Liver or kidneys problems | Discharge from petroleum refineries |
Ethylene dibromide | zero | 0.00005 | Problems with liver, stomach, reproductive system, or kidneys; increased risk of cancer | Discharge from petroleum refineries |
Glyphosate | 0.7 | 0.7 | Kidney problems; reproductive difficulties | Runoff from herbicide use |
Heptachlor | zero | 0.0004 | Liver damage; increased risk of cancer | Residue of banned termiticide |
Heptachlor epoxide | zero | 0.0002 | Liver damage; increased risk of cancer | Breakdown of heptachlor |
Hexachlorobenzene | zero | 0.001 | Liver or kidney problems; reproductive difficulties; increased risk of cancer | Discharge from metal refineries and agricultural chemical factories |
Hexachlorocyclopentadiene | 0.05 | 0.05 | Kidney or stomach problems | Discharge from chemical factories |
Lindane | 0.0002 | 0.0002 | Liver or kidney problems | Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on cattle, lumber, gardens |
Methoxychlor | 0.04 | 0.04 | Reproductive difficulties | Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on fruits, vegetables, alfalfa, livestock |
Oxamyl (Vydate) | 0.2 | 0.2 | Slight nervous system effects | Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on apples, potatoes, and tomatoes |
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) |
zero | 0.0005 | Skin changes; thymus gland problems; immune deficiencies; reproductive or nervous system difficulties; increased risk of cancer | Runoff from landfills; discharge of waste chemicals |
Pentachlorophenol | zero | 0.001 | Liver or kidney problems; increased cancer risk | Discharge from wood preserving factories |
Picloram | 0.5 | 0.5 | Liver problems | Herbicide runoff |
Simazine | 0.004 | 0.004 | Problems with blood | Herbicide runoff |
Styrene | 0.1 | 0.1 | Liver, kidney, or circulatory system problems | Discharge from rubber and plastic factories; leaching from landfills |
Tetrachloroethylene | zero | 0.005 | Liver problems; increased risk of cancer | Discharge from factories and dry cleaners |
Toluene | 1 | 1 | Nervous system, kidney, or liver problems | Discharge from petroleum factories |
Toxaphene | zero | 0.003 | Kidney, liver, or thyroid problems; increased risk of cancer | Runoff/leaching from insecticide used on cotton and cattle |
2,4,5-TP (Silvex) | 0.05 | 0.05 | Liver problems | Residue of banned herbicide |
1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene | 0.07 | 0.07 | Changes in adrenal glands | Discharge from textile finishing factories |
1,1,1-Trichloroethane | 0.20 | 0.2 | Liver, nervous system, or circulatory problems | Discharge from metal degreasing sites and other factories |
1,1,2-Trichloroethane | 0.003 | 0.005 | Liver, kidney, or immune system problems | Discharge from industrial chemical factories |
Trichloroethylene | zero | 0.005 | Liver problems; increased risk of cancer | Discharge from metal degreasing sites and other factories |
Vinyl chloride | zero | 0.002 | Increased risk of cancer | Leaching from PVC pipes; discharge from plastic factories |
Xylenes (total) | 10 | 10 | Nervous system damage | Discharge from petroleum factories; discharge from chemical factories |
Contaminant |
Potential Health Effects from Ingestion of Water |
Sources of Contaminant in Drinking Water |
||
Alpha particles | none7 ———- zero |
15 picocuries per Liter (pCi/L) | Increased risk of cancer | Erosion of natural deposits of certain minerals that are radioactive and may emit a form of radiation known as alpha radiation |
Beta particles and photon emitters | none7 ———- zero |
4 millirems per year | Increased risk of cancer | Decay of natural and man-made deposits ofcertain minerals that are radioactive and may emit forms of radiation known as photons and beta radiation |
Radium 226 and Radium 228 (combined) | none7 ———- zero |
5 pCi/L | Increased risk of cancer | Erosion of natural deposits |
Uranium | zero | 30 ug/L as of 12/08/03 |
Increased risk of cancer, kidney toxicity | Erosion of natural deposits |
Notes
1 Definitions:
Maximum Contaminant Level Goal (MCLG) – The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin of safety and are non-enforceable public health goals.
Maximum Contaminant Level (MCL) – The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCLs are set as close to MCLGs as feasible using the best available treatment technology and taking cost into consideration. MCLs are enforceable standards.
Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level Goal (MRDLG) – The level of a drinking water disinfectant below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MRDLGs do not reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contaminants.
Treatment Technique – A required process intended to reduce the level of a contaminant in drinking water.
Maximum Residual Disinfectant Level (MRDL) – The highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants.
2 Units are in milligrams per liter (mg/L) unless otherwise noted. Milligrams per liter are equivalent to parts per million.
3 EPA’s surface water treatment rules require systems using surface water or ground water under the direct influence of surface water to (1) disinfect their water, and (2) filter their water or meet criteria for avoiding filtration so that the following contaminants are controlled at the following levels:
- Cryptosporidium: Unfiltered systems are required to include Cryptosporidium in their existing watershed control provisions.
- Giardia lamblia: 99.9% removal/inactivation
- Viruses: 99.99% removal/inactivation
- Legionella: No limit, but EPA believes that if Giardia and viruses are removed/inactivated, according to the treatment techniques in the Surface Water Treatment Rule, Legionella will also be controlled.
- Turbidity: For systems that use conventional or direct filtration, at not time can turbidity (cloudiness of water) go higher than 1 nephelolometric turbidity unit NTU), and samples for turbidity must be less than or equal to 0.3 NTU in at least 95 pervent of the samples in any month. Systems that use filtration other than the conventional or direct filtration must follow state limits, which must include turbidity at no time exceeding 5 NTU.
- HPC: No more than 500 bacterial colonies per milliliter.
- Long Term 1 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment: Surface water systems or (GWUDI) systems serving fewer than 10,000 people must comply with the applicable Long Term 1 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule provisions (e.g. turbidity standards, individual filter monitoring, Cryptosporidium removal requirements, updated watershed control requirements for unfiltered systems).
- Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule This rule applies to all surface water systems or ground water systems under the direct influence of surface water. The rule targets additional Cryptosporidium treatment requirements for higher risk systems and includes provisions to reduce risks from uncovered finished water storage facilities and to ensure that the systems maintain microbial protection as they take steps to reduce the formation of disinfection byproducts.
- Filter Backwash Recycling; The Filter Backwash Recycling Rule requires systems that recycle to return specific recycle flows through all processes of the system’s existing conventional or direct filtration system or at an alternate location approved by the state.
4 No more than 5.0% samples total coliform-positive in a month. (For water systems that collect fewer than 40 routine samples per month, no more than one sample can be total coliform-positive per month.) Every sample that has total coliform must be analyzed for either fecal coliforms or E. coli if two consecutive TC-positive samples, and one is also positive for E.coli fecal coliforms, system has an acute MCL violation.
5 Fecal coliform and E. coli are bacteria whose presence indicates that the water may be contaminated with human or animal wastes. Disease-causing microbes (pathogens) in these wastes can cause diarrhea, cramps, nausea, headaches, or other symptoms. These pathogens may pose a special health risk for infants, young children, and people with severely compromised immune systems.
6 Although there is no collective MCLG for this contaminant group, there are individual MCLGs for some of the individual contaminants:
- Trihalomethanes: bromodichloromethane (zero); bromoform (zero); dibromochloromethane (0.06 mg/L): chloroform (0.07mg/L).
- Haloacetic acids: dichloroacetic acid (zero); trichloroacetic acid (0.02 mg/L); monochloroacetic acid (0.07 mg/L). Bromoacetic acid and dibromoacetic acid are regulated with this group but have no MCLGs.
7 Lead and copper are regulated by a Treatment Technique that requires systems to control the corrosiveness of their water. If more than 10% percent of tap water samples exceed the action level, water systems must take additional steps. For copper, the action level is 1.3 mg/L, and for lead it is 0.015 mg/L.
8 Each water system must certify, in writing, to the state (using third-party or manufacturer’s certification) that when it uses acrylamide and epichlorohydrin are used to treat water, the combination (or product) of dose and monomer level does not exceed the levels specified, as follows:
- Acrylamide = 0.05% dosed at 1 mg/L (or equivalent)
- Epichlorohydrin = 0.01% dosed at 20 mg/L (or equivalent)
National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations
National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations (NSDWRs or secondary standards) are non-enforceable guidelines regulating contaminants that may cause cosmetic effects (such as skin or tooth discoloration) or aesthetic effects (such as taste, odor, or color) in drinking water. EPA recommends secondary standards to water systems but does not require systems to comply. However, states may choose to adopt them as enforceable standards.
- National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations – The complete regulations regarding these contaminants available from the Code of Federal Regulations Web Site.
- For more information, read Secondary Drinking Water Regulations: Guidance for Nuisance Chemicals.
List of National Secondary Drinking Water Regulations
Contaminant |
Secondary Standard |
Aluminum | 0.05 to 0.2 mg/L |
Chloride | 250 mg/L |
Color | 15 (color units) |
Copper | 1.0 mg/L |
Corrosivity | noncorrosive |
Fluoride | 2.0 mg/L |
Foaming Agents | 0.5 mg/L |
Iron | 0.3 mg/L |
Manganese | 0.05 mg/L |
Odor | 3 threshold odor number |
pH | 6.5-8.5 |
Silver | 0.10 mg/L |
Sulfate | 250 mg/L |
Total Dissolved Solids | 500 mg/L |
Zinc | 5 mg/L |
Unregulated Contaminants
This list of contaminants which, at the time of publication, are not subject to any proposed or promulgated national primary drinking water regulation (NPDWR), are known or anticipated to occur in public water systems, and may require regulations under SDWA. For more information check out the list, or vist the Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List (CCL) web site.
- Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List 2
- Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List (CCL) Web Site
- Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Program (UCM)
- Information on specific unregulated contaminants
Public Water Systems
Drinking Water Links
Overview
A public water system (PWS) is a system for the provision to the public of water for human consumption through pipes or other constructed conveyances, if such system has at least fifteen service connections or regularly serves at least twenty-five individuals.
The public drinking water systems regulated by EPA, and delegated states and tribes, provide drinking water to 90 percent of Americans. These public drinking water systems, which may be publicly- or privately-owned, serve at least 25 people or 15 service connections for at least 60 days per year. Private, individual household wells, are not regulated by EPA. For more information on these wells visit our Private Drinking Water Wells site. Below we have listed some of the activities that EPA, states, and tribes undertake to regulate public water supplies.
Providing safe drinking water is a partnership that involves EPA, the states, tribes, water systems and their operators. To learn more about this important network of public health providers, you can select from this variety of information sources.
EPA/State/Tribal Implementation | Water Systems/Operators | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Resources
National Drinking Water Advisory Council EPA is committed to working with its stakeholders, the people for whom safe drinking water is an important aspect of daily and/or professional life. One of the formal means by which EPA works with its stakeholders is the National Drinking Water Advisory Council (NDWAC). The Council, comprising members of the general public, state and local agencies, and private groups concerned with safe drinking water, advises the EPA Administrator on everything that the Agency does relating to drinking water. NDWAC has working groups that make recommendations to the full Council, which in turn advise EPA on individual regulations, guidances, and policy matters. These NDWAC working groups consist of approximately 20 members with a variety of viewpoints. All NDWAC working group meetings and full NDWAC meetings are open to the public.
2009
2008
2006 2005 2004 2003
NDWAC Full Council (ALL ABOUT PDF FILES) Working Groups –> Other Federal Advisory Committees Total Coliform Rule Distribution System Advisory Committee (TCRDSAC) Stage 2 Microbial/Disinfection Byproduct Federal Advisory Committee Current NDWAC Working Groups(ALL ABOUT PDF FILES) NDWAC Climate Ready Water Utilities Working Group On May 28, 2009, the NDWAC voted on and approved the formation of the Climate Ready Water Utilities Working Group. Past NDWAC Working Groups (ALL ABOUT PDF FILES) Benefits Consumer Confidence Report Rule Drinking Water State Revolving Fund Health Care Providers Microbials/Disinfection Byproducts Rules Occurrence & Contaminant Selection Operator Certification Right-to-Know Small Systems Small Systems/Capacity development Source Water Underground Injection Control /Source Water Arsenic Cost Contaminant Candidate List Regulatory Determinations & 6-year Review of Existing Regulations Research Small Systems Affordability Work Group Contaminant Candidate List (CCL) Classification Process Work Group Water Security Working Group Public Education Requirements of the Lead and Copper Rule
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Water table – The upper level of the saturated zone. This level varies greatly in different parts of the country and also varies seasonally depending on the amount of rain and snowmelt.
Well cap – A tight-fitting, vermin-proof seal designed to prevent contaminants from flowing down inside of the well casing.
Well casing – The tubular lining of a well. Also a steel or plastic pipe installed during construction to prevent collapse of the well hole.
Wellhead – The top of a structure built over a well. Term also used for the source of a well or stream.
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